Dept. of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2013 Sep 5;377(1-2):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.06.025. Epub 2013 Jun 27.
RET kinase is aberrantly activated in thyroid cancers and in rare cases of lung and colon cancer, and has been validated as a molecular target in these tumors. Vandetanib was recently approved for the treatment of medullary thyroid cancer. However, vandetanib is ineffective in vitro against RET mutants carrying bulky aminoacids at position 804, the gatekeeper residue, similarly to drug-resistant BCR-ABL mutants in chronic myeloid leukemia. Ponatinib is a multi-target kinase inhibitor that was recently approved for treatment-refractory Philadelphia-positive leukemia. We show here potent inhibition of oncogenic RET by ponatinib, including the drug-insensitive V804M/L mutants. Ponatinib inhibited the growth of RET+ and BCR-ABL+ cells with similar potency, while not affecting RET-negative cells. Both in biochemical and in cellular assays ponatinib compared favorably with known RET inhibitors, such as vandetanib, cabozantinib, sorafenib, sunitinib and motesanib, used as reference compounds. We suggest that ponatinib should be considered for the treatment of RET+ tumors, in particular those expressing vandetanib-resistant V804M/L mutations.
RET 激酶在甲状腺癌以及极少数肺癌和结肠癌中异常激活,已被验证为这些肿瘤的分子靶点。凡德他尼最近被批准用于治疗甲状腺髓样癌。然而,凡德他尼在体外对带有 804 号位大氨基酸的 RET 突变体(守门员残基)无效,类似于慢性髓性白血病中的耐药 BCR-ABL 突变体。帕纳替尼是一种多靶点激酶抑制剂,最近被批准用于治疗难治性费城阳性白血病。我们在这里显示帕纳替尼对致癌性 RET 的有效抑制作用,包括对药物不敏感的 V804M/L 突变体。帕纳替尼对 RET+和 BCR-ABL+细胞的抑制作用相似,而对 RET-阴性细胞没有影响。在生化和细胞测定中,帕纳替尼与已知的 RET 抑制剂(如凡德他尼、卡博替尼、索拉非尼、舒尼替尼和莫特塞尼布)相比,具有更好的效果,可作为参考化合物。我们建议,帕纳替尼应考虑用于治疗 RET+肿瘤,特别是表达凡德他尼耐药 V804M/L 突变的肿瘤。