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仅仅是运动就会使对其他视觉变化的感知变得迟钝吗?

Is it just motion that silences awareness of other visual changes?

作者信息

Peirce Jonathan W

机构信息

Nottingham Visual Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

出版信息

J Vis. 2013 Jun 28;13(7):17. doi: 10.1167/13.7.17.

Abstract

When an array of visual elements is changing color, size, or shape incoherently, the changes are typically quite visible even when the overall color, size, or shape statistics of the field may not have changed. When the dots also move, however, the changes become much less apparent; awareness of them is "silenced" (Suchow & Alvarez, 2011). This finding might indicate that the perception of motion is of particular importance to the visual system, such that it is given priority in processing over other forms of visual change. Here we test whether that is the case by examining the converse: whether awareness of motion signals can be silenced by potent coherent changes in color or size. We find that they can, and with very similar effects, indicating that motion is not critical for silencing. Suchow and Alvarez's dots always moved in the same direction with the same speed, causing them to be grouped as a single entity. We also tested whether this coherence was a necessary component of the silencing effect. It is not; when the dot speeds are randomly selected, such that no coherent motion is present, the silencing effect remains. It is clear that neither motion nor grouping is directly responsible for the silencing effect. Silencing can be generated from any potent visual change.

摘要

当一系列视觉元素在非连贯地改变颜色、大小或形状时,即便该区域的整体颜色、大小或形状统计数据可能并未改变,这些变化通常也相当明显。然而,当这些点也发生移动时,变化就变得不那么明显了;人们对这些变化的察觉被“消除”了(苏乔与阿尔瓦雷斯,2011)。这一发现可能表明,运动感知对视觉系统尤为重要,以至于在处理过程中它比其他形式的视觉变化具有优先权。在此,我们通过研究相反的情况来检验是否如此:颜色或大小的强烈连贯变化能否消除对运动信号的察觉。我们发现它们可以,而且效果非常相似,这表明运动对于消除察觉并非至关重要。苏乔和阿尔瓦雷斯的点总是以相同的速度沿相同方向移动,从而使它们被归为一个单一实体。我们还测试了这种连贯性是否是消除效果的必要组成部分。并非如此;当随机选择点的速度,以至于不存在连贯运动时,消除效果依然存在。很明显,运动和分组都不是消除效果的直接原因。任何强烈的视觉变化都能产生消除效果。

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