Rib osteoblastoma as an incidental finding in a patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case report.

The purpose of this article is to present an unreported case of rib osteoblastoma associated with progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and to discuss thoracogenic scoliosis as a potential cause of curve progression after tumor resection. An 11-year and 8-month-old girl with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was referred with an incidental finding of an expansile lesion in the posterior left seventh rib. A computed tomography-guided needle biopsy established the diagnosis of benign osteoblastoma. Transarterial embolization was performed followed by wide resection. Sixteen months after surgery the patient underwent posterior spinal fusion to address her scoliosis progression during the growth spurt. Forty-one and 25 months after rib resection and spinal fusion, respectively, the patient remains asymptomatic, without local tumor recurrence, and with excellent correction of her spinal deformity. Although scoliosis secondary to rib osteoblastoma has been described in the literature, rib osteoblastoma may coexist with idiopathic scoliosis. In such a case, surgical management of osteoblastoma should not interfere with treatment of idiopathic scoliosis.