Department of Sociology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Int J Health Serv. 2013;43(2):337-61. doi: 10.2190/HS.43.2.i.
We conduct a cross-national analysis to test the hypothesis that African Development Bank (AfDB) structural adjustment adversely impacts child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. We use generalized least square random effects regression models and two-step Heckman models that correct for selection bias using data on 35 nations with up to four time points (1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005). We find substantial support for our hypothesis, which indicates that Sub-Saharan African nations that receive an AfDB structural adjustment loan tend to have higher levels of child mortality than Sub-Saharan African nations that do not receive such a loan. This finding remains stable even when controlling for selection bias on whether or not a Sub-Saharan African nation receives an AfDB structural adjustment loan. We conclude by discussing the methodological implications of the article, policy suggestions, and possible directions for future research.
我们进行了跨国分析，以检验非洲开发银行（AfDB）的结构调整对撒哈拉以南非洲儿童死亡率产生不利影响的假设。我们使用广义最小二乘随机效应回归模型和两步 Heckman 模型，使用多达 35 个国家的四个时间点（1990 年、1995 年、2000 年和 2005 年）的数据，对选择偏差进行了校正。我们的假设得到了充分的支持，这表明接受 AfDB 结构调整贷款的撒哈拉以南非洲国家的儿童死亡率往往高于没有接受此类贷款的撒哈拉以南非洲国家。即使在控制了是否接受 AfDB 结构调整贷款的选择偏差后，这一发现仍然稳定。我们最后讨论了本文的方法学意义、政策建议以及未来研究的可能方向。
