Qurie Mohannad, Abbadi Jehad, Scrano Laura, Mecca Gennaro, Bufo Sabino A, Khamis Mustafa, Karaman Rafik
Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Jul 3;14(7):13808-25. doi: 10.3390/ijms140713808.
The reverse osmosis (RO) brine generated from the Al-Quds University wastewater treatment plant was treated using an epuvalisation system. The advanced integrated wastewater treatment plant included an activated sludge unit, two consecutive ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filters (20 kD and 100 kD cutoffs) followed by an activated carbon filter and a reverse osmosis membrane. The epuvalisation system consisted of salt tolerant plants grown in hydroponic channels under continuous water flowing in a closed loop system, and placed in a greenhouse at Al-Quds University. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) plants were selected, and underwent two consecutive hydroponic flowing stages using different brine-concentrations: an adaptation stage, in which a 1:1 mixture of brine and fresh water was used; followed by a functioning stage, with 100% brine. A control treatment using fresh water was included as well. The experiment started in April and ended in June (2012). At the end of the experiment, analysis of the effluent brine showed a remarkable decrease of electroconductivity (EC), PO43-, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and K+ with a reduction of 60%, 74%, 70%, and 60%, respectively, as compared to the influent. The effluent of the control treatment showed 50%, 63%, 46%, and 90% reduction for the same parameters as compared to the influent. Plant growth parameters (plant height, fresh and dry weight) showed no significant difference between fresh water and brine treatments. Obtained results suggest that the epuvalisation system is a promising technique for inland brine treatment with added benefits. The increasing of channel number or closed loop time is estimated for enhancing the treatment process and increasing the nutrient uptake. Nevertheless, the epuvalisation technique is considered to be simple, efficient and low cost for inland RO brine treatment.
来自耶路撒冷大学污水处理厂的反渗透（RO）浓盐水采用蒸发系统进行处理。先进的综合污水处理厂包括一个活性污泥单元、两个连续的超滤（UF）膜过滤器（截留分子量分别为20kD和100kD），随后是一个活性炭过滤器和一个反渗透膜。蒸发系统由在水培渠道中生长的耐盐植物组成，这些植物生长在闭环系统中持续流动的水下，并放置在耶路撒冷大学的温室里。选择了甜罗勒（Ocimum basilicum）植株，并使用不同浓度的浓盐水进行了两个连续的水培流动阶段：一个适应阶段，使用浓盐水和淡水1:1的混合液；随后是功能阶段，使用100%的浓盐水。还设置了一个使用淡水的对照处理。实验于2012年4月开始，6月结束。在实验结束时，对出水浓盐水的分析表明，与进水相比，电导率（EC）、PO43-、化学需氧量（COD）和K+显著降低，分别降低了60%、74%、70%和60%。对照处理的出水在相同参数上与进水相比分别降低了50%、63%、46%和90%。植物生长参数（株高、鲜重和干重）在淡水和浓盐水处理之间没有显著差异。获得的结果表明，蒸发系统是一种用于内陆浓盐水处理且具有额外益处的有前景的技术。估计增加渠道数量或闭环时间可增强处理过程并增加养分吸收。尽管如此，蒸发技术被认为对于内陆反渗透浓盐水处理而言简单、高效且成本低。
