Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Pol J Microbiol. 2013;62(1):17-22.
Active support is needed for low copy-number plasmids to be stably maintained in bacterial cells. The mechanisms that fulfill this role are (i) partition systems (PAR) acting to separate plasmid molecules to daughter cells and (ii) toxin-andidote (TA) (post-segregational killing-PSK) systems which arrest cell growth until the plasmid reaches the correct copy-number or kill the cells that have not inherited the plasmid. Our knowledge of toxin-antidote systems comes mainly from studies on Gram-negative bacteria. However, some addiction systems of Gram-positive bacteria have been characterized in detail or recently identified. Altogether, they bring new interesting data on toxin-antidote functioning in bacteria.
需要活性支持才能使低拷贝数质粒在细菌细胞中稳定维持。发挥此作用的机制包括：（i）分配系统（PAR），其作用是将质粒分子分离到子细胞中；（ii）毒素-解毒剂（TA）（继分离后杀伤-PSK）系统，其阻止细胞生长，直到质粒达到正确的拷贝数或杀死未遗传质粒的细胞。我们对毒素-解毒剂系统的了解主要来自于革兰氏阴性细菌的研究。然而，一些革兰氏阳性菌的成瘾系统已被详细描述或最近被发现。总之，它们为细菌中毒素-解毒剂的功能提供了新的有趣数据。
