利用各种副产物从水溶液和废水中去除重金属。
Heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions and wastewaters by using various byproducts.
机构信息
Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
出版信息
J Environ Manage. 2013 Oct 15;128:514-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.061. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
Water contamination with heavy metals (HM) represents a potential threat to humans, animals and plants, and thus removal of these metals from contaminated waters has received increasing attention. The present study aimed to assess the efficiency of some low cost sorbents i.e., chitosan (CH), egg shell (ES), humate potassium (HK), and sugar beet factory lime (SBFL) for removal of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) from wastewaters. For this purpose batch equilibrium experiments were conducted with aqueous solutions containing various concentrations of the metals and sorbents in a mono-metal and competitive sorption system. Sorption isotherms were developed, and sorption parameters were determined. The potential applicability of the tested sorbents in the removal of Cd, Cu, and Zn from contaminated wastewaters was also investigated by equilibrating different sorbents and water ratios. Chitosan expressed the highest affinity for the metals followed by SBFL, ES, and HK. Nearly 100% of the metals were removed from aqueous solutions with the lowest initial metal concentrations by the sorbents especially CH and SBFL. However, the sorption efficiency decreased as the initial metal concentrations increased. Competition among the four metals changed significantly their distribution coefficient (Kd) values with the sorbents. The selectivity sequence of the metals was: Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd. The metal removal from the wastewaters varied from 72, 69, and 60 to nearly 100% for Cd, Cu and Zn, respectively. The efficiency of the studied byproducts in removing metals from the wastewaters differed based on the source of contamination and metal concentrations. Cadmium removal percentages by HK and CH were higher than SBFL and ES. The HK and CH exhibited the highest removal percentage of Cu from water with high concentrations. The SBFL and ES revealed the highest removal percentage of Zn from water with high concentrations. The results, demonstrate a high potential of CH, SBFL, HK, and ES for the remediation of HM contaminated wastewaters.
重金属（HM）污染水体会对人类、动物和植物构成潜在威胁，因此，从受污染的水中去除这些金属已引起越来越多的关注。本研究旨在评估一些低成本吸附剂，即壳聚糖（CH）、蛋壳（ES）、腐植酸钾（HK）和甜菜制糖厂石灰（SBFL），对去除废水中镉（Cd）、铜（Cu）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）的效率。为此，进行了批平衡实验，在单金属和竞争吸附系统中，用含有不同浓度金属和吸附剂的水溶液进行实验。开发了吸附等温线，并确定了吸附参数。还通过平衡不同的吸附剂和水的比例，研究了测试吸附剂在去除受污染废水中 Cd、Cu 和 Zn 的潜在适用性。壳聚糖对金属表现出最高的亲和力，其次是 SBFL、ES 和 HK。吸附剂尤其是 CH 和 SBFL 可将最低初始金属浓度的水溶液中的几乎 100%的金属去除。然而，随着初始金属浓度的增加，吸附效率降低。四种金属之间的竞争显著改变了它们与吸附剂的分配系数（Kd）值。金属的选择性顺序为：Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd。从废水中去除金属的效率因污染来源和金属浓度而异，Cd、Cu 和 Zn 的去除效率分别为 72%、69%和 60%，接近 100%。研究副产品从废水中去除金属的效率因污染来源和金属浓度而异。HK 和 CH 对 Cd 的去除率高于 SBFL 和 ES。HK 和 CH 对高浓度水中 Cu 的去除率最高。SBFL 和 ES 对高浓度水中 Zn 的去除率最高。结果表明，CH、SBFL、HK 和 ES 具有从 HM 污染废水中修复的巨大潜力。
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