Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013 Sep;154(3):326-32. doi: 10.1007/s12011-013-9743-3. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
Hair mercury (HHg) concentration is a biomarker of exposure that is widely used to assess environmental contamination by fish methylmercury and neurodevelopment in children. In the Rio Madeira basin (Brazilian Amazon), total HHg concentrations in 649 mother-infant pairs were measured at birth (prenatal exposure) and after 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding; these mother-infant pairs were from high fish-eating communities (urban, n = 232; rural, n = 35; and Riverine, n = 262) and low fish-eating tin-miner settlers (n = 120). Differences in kinetics were seen between Hg exposure from fish consumption and environmental exposure to a tin-ore mining environment. Overall maternal HHg concentrations (at childbirth and after 6 months of lactation) were higher than those of infant HHg. However, the relative change in HHg after 6 months of lactation showed that mothers decreased HHg while infants increased HHg. The relative change showed a consistently higher increase for girls than boys with a statistical significance only in high fish-eating mothers. The correlation coefficients between maternal and newborn hair were high and statistically significant for mothers living in urban (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), rural (r = 0.89, p < 0.001), and Riverine (r = 0.89, p < 0.001) communities not for tin miner settlers (r = 0.07, p = 0.427). After 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding, correlation coefficients showed high correlation coefficients and statistical significance for all groups (urban, r = 0.73, p < 0.001; rural, r = 0.88, p < 0.001; Riverine, r = 0.91, p < 0.001) except for Tin miners (r = -0.07, p = 0.428). A linear model analysis was used to assess the longitudinal associations of maternal total HHg and total HHg at birth (0 days) and 6 months of age in exclusively breastfed infants. Regression analysis significantly predicted HHg in newborn from maternal HHg for high fish-eating maternal-infant pairs.
The concentration of mercury accumulated in newborn tissues (in utero and during breastfeeding) relevant to both, maternal sources and infant exposure, can be reliably assessed from maternal hair.
毛发汞（HHg）浓度是一种暴露生物标志物，广泛用于评估鱼类甲基汞对环境的污染和儿童的神经发育。在里约马德拉流域（巴西亚马逊），对 649 对母婴在出生时（产前暴露）和纯母乳喂养 6 个月后进行了总 HHg 浓度测量；这些母婴来自高吃鱼社区（城市，n = 232；农村，n = 35；和河滨，n = 262）和低吃鱼的锡矿工定居点（n = 120）。从鱼类消费中接触汞的动力学与从环境中接触锡矿开采环境中接触汞的动力学不同。总的来说，产妇 HHg 浓度（分娩时和哺乳期 6 个月后）高于婴儿 HHg 浓度。然而，哺乳期 6 个月后 HHg 的相对变化表明，母亲 HHg 减少，而婴儿 HHg 增加。相对变化显示，女孩的增长始终高于男孩，仅在高吃鱼的母亲中具有统计学意义。在城市（r = 0.66，p < 0.001）、农村（r = 0.89，p < 0.001）和河滨（r = 0.89，p < 0.001）社区生活的母亲，母婴头发之间的相关系数较高且具有统计学意义，但对于锡矿工定居者（r = 0.07，p = 0.427）则不然。纯母乳喂养 6 个月后，所有组（城市，r = 0.73，p < 0.001；农村，r = 0.88，p < 0.001；河滨，r = 0.91，p < 0.001）的相关系数均显示出高相关性和统计学意义，除了锡矿工（r = -0.07，p = 0.428）。线性模型分析用于评估纯母乳喂养婴儿中母体总 HHg 和出生时（0 天）和 6 个月时总 HHg 的纵向关联。回归分析显著预测了高吃鱼的母婴对新生儿 HHg 的影响。
从母亲头发中可以可靠地评估与母体来源和婴儿暴露相关的新生儿组织中汞的积累浓度（宫内和母乳喂养期间）。
