Division of Neuropsychology, Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Jul 3;7:342. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00342. eCollection 2013.
Visual perception depends on the visual context and is likely to be influenced by size constancy, which predicts a size and distance invariant perception of objects. However, size constancy can also result in optical illusions that allow the manipulation of the perceived size. We thus asked whether the integration of local elements into a global object can be influenced by manipulations of the visual context and size constancy? A set of stimuli was applied in healthy individuals that took advantage of the "Kanizsa" illusion, in which three circles with open wedges oriented toward a center point are placed to form an illusionary perception of a triangle. In addition, a 3D-perspective view was implemented in which the global target ("Kanizsa" triangle) was placed in combination with several distractor circles either in a close or a distant position. Subjects were engaged in a global recognition task on the location of the "Kanizsa" triangle. Global recognition of "Kanizsa" triangles improved with a decreasing length of the illusory contour. Interestingly, recognition of "Kanizsa" triangles decreased when they were perceived as if they were located further away. We conclude that the integration of local elements into a global object is dependent on the visual context and dominated by size constancy.
视觉感知取决于视觉背景，并且可能受到大小恒常性的影响，大小恒常性预测了对物体的大小和距离不变的感知。然而，大小恒常性也可能导致错觉，从而允许对感知到的大小进行操纵。因此，我们想知道局部元素是否可以被视觉背景和大小恒常性的变化影响到整合到全局物体中？一组刺激被应用于健康个体，利用“Kanizsa”错觉，三个带有向中心点开放楔形的圆被放置在一起，形成三角形的错觉感知。此外，还实现了 3D 透视视图，其中全局目标（“Kanizsa”三角形）与几个干扰圆组合在一起，要么在近处，要么在远处。被试参与了一个关于“Kanizsa”三角形位置的全局识别任务。随着错觉轮廓长度的减小，对“Kanizsa”三角形的全局识别得到改善。有趣的是，当它们被感知为位于更远的位置时，对“Kanizsa”三角形的识别会降低。我们得出结论，局部元素被整合到全局物体中取决于视觉背景，并且受大小恒常性的主导。
