Feng Yan, Kang Xiaojie, Li Chunhui, Nie Minhai
Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Dental Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, China.
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Jun;31(3):237-41.
To evaluate the expression of cytokeratin 19(CK19) and connexin 43(Cx43) in various stages of oral carcinogenesis and investigate the relationship of CK19 and Cx43 in the process of oral cancer.
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4NQO) was used to induce oral carcinogenesis in the mucosa of SD rats and immunohistoche-mical technique was used to study the expression of CK19 and Cx43 in various stages of oral carcinogenesis.
The CK19 positive staining were distributed in the basal cell layer in the normal rat lingual mucosa. While CK19 positive staining were distributed in cytoplasm of supra-basal layers in the mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia. In oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) tissue, CK19 were expressed in all the stratum of epithelium. The positive rate of CK19 in normal, mild, moderate, severe dysplasia and OSCC tissues were respectively 30.00%, 50.00%, 58.33%, 80.00%, and 91.67%. With the lesions getting worse, the positive rate and the intensity of CK19 raised significantly (P<0.05). In normal tongue mucosa, Cx43 proteins were mainly expressed in the membrane of the epithelial cells of the rat tongue. It was weakly positive in the basal cell layer, increased in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum, and negative in the stratum corneum. Compared with normal epithelia, the expression of Cx43 in dysplastic and OSCC epithelia decreased significantly. The positive rate of Cx43 in normal, mild, moderate, severe dysplasia and OSCC tissues were respectively 100.00%, 85.71%, 66.67%, 40.00%, and 33.33%. The expression of Cx43 was significantly decreased with severity increasing (P<0.05).
The expression of CK19 protein significantly increases with the development of rat tongue carcinoma, suggesting that CK19 is associated with carcinogenesis. The expression of Cx43 protein dramatically decrease with the development of rat tongue carcinoma, suggesting that the abnormal expression of Cx43 protein is associated with oral mucosa carcinoma origination. The expression of CK19 and Cx43 has negative correlation. Combined detection of CK19 and Cx43 has an important role in the early diagnosis of OSCC and can help to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the early diagnosis of OSCC.
评估细胞角蛋白19（CK19）和连接蛋白43（Cx43）在口腔癌发生各阶段的表达情况，并探讨CK19与Cx43在口腔癌发生过程中的关系。
采用4-硝基喹啉-1-氧化物（4NQO）诱导SD大鼠口腔黏膜发生癌变，应用免疫组织化学技术研究CK19和Cx43在口腔癌发生各阶段的表达。
正常大鼠舌黏膜中CK19阳性染色分布于基底细胞层。而在轻度发育异常、中度发育异常和重度发育异常中，CK19阳性染色分布于基底上层细胞的细胞质中。在口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）组织中，CK19在上皮各层均有表达。正常、轻度、中度、重度发育异常及OSCC组织中CK19的阳性率分别为30.00%、50.00%、58.33%、80.00%和91.67%。随着病变加重，CK19的阳性率和表达强度显著升高（P<0.05）。在正常舌黏膜中，Cx43蛋白主要表达于大鼠舌上皮细胞膜。在基底细胞层呈弱阳性，在棘层和颗粒层增加，在角质层呈阴性。与正常上皮相比，发育异常和OSCC上皮中Cx43的表达显著降低。正常、轻度、中度、重度发育异常及OSCC组织中Cx43的阳性率分别为100.00%、85.71%、66.67%、40.00%和33.33%。随着严重程度增加，Cx43的表达显著降低（P< .05）。
CK19蛋白的表达随大鼠舌癌的发展而显著增加，提示CK19与癌变有关。Cx43蛋白的表达随大鼠舌癌的发展而显著降低，提示Cx43蛋白的异常表达与口腔黏膜癌的发生有关。CK19和Cx43的表达呈负相关。联合检测CK19和Cx43在OSCC的早期诊断中具有重要作用，有助于提高OSCC早期诊断的敏感性和特异性。
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