See R E, Ellison G
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Jun 8;181(3):175-86. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90077-j.
Rats were administered haloperidol, clozapine, raclopride, or no drug for either 28 days or 8 months and then withdrawn from drug treatment for 3 weeks. Oral movements were repeatedly recorded, both by a human observer and by a computerized video analysis system which determined mouth openings and closings, or computer-scored movelets (CSMs). Four weeks of neuroleptic administration produced no changes in CSMs in any drug-treated group. Long-term administration induced distinctively different patterns of oral activity in the three drug groups, both in number of CSMs and the form of these movements. The oral movements which developed in the haloperidol-treated rats fit a previously described syndrome of late-onset oral dyskinesias which increased upon drug withdrawal. The clozapine- and raclopride-treated rats did not show the increased oral movements seen in the haloperidol animals, but each exhibited uniquely different CSM characteristics compared to controls. The results from this rodent model imply that haloperidol, but not clozapine or raclopride, produces late-onset oral dyskinesias in rats that fit the pattern expected for tardive dyskinesia.
给大鼠分别服用氟哌啶醇、氯氮平、雷氯必利或不服用药物，持续28天或8个月，然后停药3周。由一名人类观察者和一个计算机化视频分析系统反复记录口腔运动，该系统可确定嘴巴的张开和闭合情况，或计算机评分的小动作（CSMs）。四周的抗精神病药物给药在任何药物治疗组中均未引起CSMs的变化。长期给药在三个药物组中诱导出明显不同的口腔活动模式，无论是CSMs的数量还是这些运动的形式。在氟哌啶醇治疗的大鼠中出现的口腔运动符合先前描述的迟发性口腔运动障碍综合征，在停药后会增加。氯氮平和雷氯必利治疗的大鼠没有表现出氟哌啶醇动物中出现的口腔运动增加，但与对照组相比，每组都表现出独特不同的CSM特征。这个啮齿动物模型的结果表明，氟哌啶醇而非氯氮平或雷氯必利会在大鼠中产生符合迟发性运动障碍预期模式的迟发性口腔运动障碍。
