Albanese John
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminology, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada.
J Forensic Sci. 2013 Nov;58(6):1413-9. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12188. Epub 2013 Jul 18.
Sex estimation from skeletal remains can be an important part of preliminary identification. The best source of information for estimating sex is the pelvis but it is not always available for analysis. For these cases, a probabilistic sex estimation method is presented using combinations of standard and alternative measurements of the clavicle, humerus, radius, and ulna. Various equations are developed that are not population specific and that are applicable in various recovery scenarios. The equations were tested using four independent samples (n > 370), including a forensic sample. Allocation accuracies vary by test sample and equation and are consistently good (87.4-97.5%) except for a sample of very small males that show the extreme effects of poverty and mortality bias. For many of the cases where allocation was incorrect, the probabilistic approach indicated that no confidence should be placed in the incorrect allocation and the unknown should be classified as sex indeterminate.
从骨骼遗骸估计性别可能是初步鉴定的重要组成部分。估计性别的最佳信息来源是骨盆，但并非总是可以进行分析。对于这些情况，本文提出了一种概率性性别估计方法，该方法使用锁骨、肱骨、桡骨和尺骨的标准测量值与替代测量值的组合。开发了各种不针对特定人群且适用于各种回收场景的方程。这些方程使用四个独立样本（n > 370）进行了测试，其中包括一个法医样本。分配准确率因测试样本和方程而异，除了一个显示贫困和死亡率偏差极端影响的非常小的男性样本外，准确率一直很高（87.4 - 97.5%）。对于许多分配错误的案例，概率方法表明不应相信错误的分配结果，未知性别应归类为性别不确定。
