Shim Yun Taek, Kim Won Kyu, Hyun Jin Young, Choi Seonui
Division of Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Service Seoul Institute, 139 Jiyang-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 08036, Korea.
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Hanyang University of Korea, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 12;15(1):29485. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15427-5.
In forensic anthropology, the pelvis and skull exhibit high accuracy in sex estimation; however, other skeletal elements are necessary when these are fragmentary. We aimed to develop a novel metric approach for sex estimation using the humerus. We analyzed three-dimensional images of the right and left humeri of 600 individuals through logistic regression analysis and validation of sex estimation. Logistic regression was applied to three specific parameters: maximum length, 20% volume/maximum length of the intact humerus, and 5 cm volume/the fragmentary humerus. For the maximum length, the sex estimation accuracy was 76%(right) and 75%(left), respectively. Using the 20% volume/maximum length of the intact humerus, the accuracy in the head region was 93%(right) and 91%(left); in the mid-shaft region, it was 93%(right) and 92%(left), respectively; and in the distal region, it was 92% for both sides. The accuracy for the 5 cm volume of the fragmentary humerus in the head region was 91%(right) and 93%(left), whereas in the distal region, it was 92%(right) and 89%(left), respectively. This study demonstrates that the use of three-dimensional images of the Korean humerus provides higher accuracy and reliability in sex estimation compared to conventional two-dimensional metric methods, which offer limited information on bone measurements.
在法医人类学中，骨盆和颅骨在性别估计方面具有很高的准确性；然而，当这些骨骼不完整时，其他骨骼部位也是必要的。我们旨在开发一种使用肱骨进行性别估计的新度量方法。我们通过逻辑回归分析和性别估计验证，分析了600名个体左右肱骨的三维图像。逻辑回归应用于三个特定参数：最大长度、完整肱骨的20%体积/最大长度，以及5厘米体积/不完整肱骨。对于最大长度，性别估计准确率分别为右侧76%和左侧75%。使用完整肱骨的20%体积/最大长度，头部区域的准确率右侧为93%，左侧为91%；在骨干中部区域，右侧为93%，左侧为92%；在远端区域，两侧均为92%。不完整肱骨5厘米体积在头部区域的准确率右侧为91%，左侧为93%，而在远端区域，右侧为92%，左侧为89%。这项研究表明，与传统二维度量方法相比，使用韩国人肱骨的三维图像在性别估计方面提供了更高的准确性和可靠性，传统二维度量方法在骨骼测量方面提供的信息有限。
