Elhanafy Mohamed M, French Dennis D, Braun Ueli
Rural Animal Health Management Service, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013 Aug 1;243(3):352-8. doi: 10.2460/javma.243.3.352.
Jejunal hemorrhage syndrome (JHS) is an acute, highly fatal enterotoxemic disorder in dairy cattle that has been reported during the last few decades. No specific cause of this syndrome has been identified; however, several studies have revealed a strong association between JHS and infection with Clostridium perfringens type A. A common mold, Aspergillus fumigatus, has also been implicated as a potential causative agent in this disease syndrome. Clinical signs of JHS (including sudden decreases in feed intake and milk production, rapid loss of condition, a right-sided ping audible during simultaneous auscultation and percussion of the abdomen, abdominal distension, and melena or bloody feces) usually develop early during lactation when cattle receive rations that are high in energy and low in fiber. Appropriate preventive strategies have not yet been determined, and intensive medical management with or without surgical intervention is rarely successful. The use of commercially available vaccines that are directed against C perfringens types C and D is of questionable efficacy and not likely to be helpful as a preventative measure. This article highlights the potential etiologic and risk factors, describes common clinical signs, outlines relevant diagnostic testing, and summarizes treatment options and their outcomes.
空肠出血综合征（JHS）是奶牛中一种急性、高致死性的肠毒血症疾病，在过去几十年间有相关报道。该综合征的具体病因尚未明确；然而，多项研究表明JHS与A型产气荚膜梭菌感染之间存在密切关联。一种常见霉菌烟曲霉也被认为是该疾病综合征的潜在致病因素。JHS的临床症状（包括采食量和产奶量突然下降、体况迅速变差、腹部听诊和叩诊时可闻及右侧腹部浊音、腹胀以及黑便或血便）通常在奶牛泌乳早期出现，此时奶牛采食的日粮能量高而纤维含量低。尚未确定合适的预防策略，无论是否进行手术干预，强化医疗管理很少成功。使用针对C型和D型产气荚膜梭菌的市售疫苗，其疗效存疑，作为预防措施可能并无帮助。本文重点介绍了潜在的病因和风险因素，描述了常见的临床症状，概述了相关诊断检测方法，并总结了治疗方案及其效果。
