Universidad Complutense (Spain).
Span J Psychol. 2013;16:E24. doi: 10.1017/sjp.2013.31.
The possibility that facial expressions of emotion change the affective valence of faces through associative learning was explored using facial electromyography (EMG). In Experiment 1, EMG activity was registered while the participants (N = 57) viewed sequences of neutral faces (Stimulus 1 or S1) changing to either a happy or an angry expression (Stimulus 2 or S2). As a consequence of learning, participants who showed patterning of facial responses in the presence of angry and happy faces, that is, higher Corrugator Supercilii (CS) activity in the presence of angry faces and higher Zygomaticus Major (ZM) activity in the presence of happy faces, showed also a similar pattern when viewing the corresponding S1 faces. Explicit evaluations made by an independent sample of participants (Experiment 2) showed that evaluation of S1 faces was changed according to the emotional expression with which they had been associated. These results are consistent with an interpretation of rapid facial reactions to faces as affective responses that reflect the valence of the stimulus and that are sensitive to learned changes in the affective meaning of faces.
使用面部肌电图（EMG）探索了通过联想学习，情绪表情是否会改变面部的情感效价。在实验 1 中，参与者（N=57）观看了中性面孔（刺激 1 或 S1）转变为快乐或愤怒表情（刺激 2 或 S2）的序列，同时记录了 EMG 活动。由于学习，那些在愤怒和快乐面孔出现时表现出面部反应模式的参与者，即在愤怒面孔时出现更高的皱眉肌（CS）活动，在快乐面孔时出现更高的颧大肌（ZM）活动，在观看相应的 S1 面孔时也表现出类似的模式。由独立样本的参与者进行的明确评估（实验 2）表明，S1 面孔的评估根据与之相关联的情绪表达而改变。这些结果与对面部的快速反应是反映刺激效价的情感反应的解释一致，并且对面部情感意义的习得变化敏感。
