Rolston K V, Radentz S, Rodriguez S
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(3):377-81.
Over a 14-month period, 136 episodes of bacterial and 26 episodes of fungal infection were identified from the microbiology records of 444 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The respective rates for infection were 31 of 100 admissions (bacterial) and 5 of 100 admissions (fungal). Contributory factors appeared to be therapy with antineoplastic agents, ganciclovir and zidovudine, resulting in neutropenia, corticosteroid therapy, and increased use of central venous catheters. Bacteria isolated most often were Staphylococcus spp., the Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aspergillus spp. and Candida spp. were the common fungal pathogens. However, several unusual fungal organisms seem to be emerging as important pathogens and can cause disseminated infection. Appropriate and prompt antimicrobial therapy resulted in the resolution of most bacterial infections. Disseminated fungal infections were difficult to treat and responded less often.
在14个月的时间里，从444例获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者的微生物学记录中确定了136例细菌感染和26例真菌感染。感染的发生率分别为每100例入院患者中有31例（细菌感染）和5例（真菌感染）。促成因素似乎包括抗肿瘤药物、更昔洛韦和齐多夫定治疗导致的中性粒细胞减少、皮质类固醇治疗以及中心静脉导管使用增加。最常分离出的细菌是葡萄球菌属、肠杆菌科和铜绿假单胞菌。曲霉属和念珠菌属是常见的真菌病原体。然而，几种不常见的真菌似乎正成为重要的病原体，并可引起播散性感染。适当且及时的抗菌治疗使大多数细菌感染得到缓解。播散性真菌感染难以治疗，且缓解的情况较少。
