Todd David W
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2013 Aug;25(3):467-78, vi-vii. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2013.03.009.
Even simple oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures can become challenging when the child patient has a high degree of fear and anxiety. This article reviews differences in anatomy and physiology between the adult and pediatric patient, preanesthetic assessment, fasting guidelines, and choices of sedation routes, and discusses equipment options for the management of pediatric anesthesia. After reflection on these topics and based on training and experience, oral and maxillofacial surgeons can decide the ages of patients, medical comorbidities, and techniques with which they are comfortable in performing surgery in their offices in a safe and effective manner.
当儿童患者存在高度恐惧和焦虑时，即使是简单的口腔颌面外科手术也可能变得具有挑战性。本文回顾了成人与儿童患者在解剖学和生理学上的差异、麻醉前评估、禁食指南以及镇静途径的选择，并讨论了小儿麻醉管理的设备选择。在对这些主题进行思考并基于培训和经验之后，口腔颌面外科医生可以确定患者的年龄、合并症以及他们在办公室以安全有效的方式进行手术时所熟悉的技术。
