Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Adv Cancer Res. 2013;119:127-60. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-407190-2.00004-6.
Mitochondria play important roles in multiple cellular processes including energy metabolism, cell death, and aging. Regulated energy production and utilization are critical in maintaining energy homeostasis in normal cells and functional organs. However, mitochondria go through a series of morphological and functional alterations during carcinogenesis. The metabolic profile in transformed cells is altered to accommodate their fast proliferation, confer resistance to cell death, or facilitate metastasis. These transformations also provide targets for anticancer treatment at different levels. In this review, we discuss the major modifications in cell metabolism during carcinogenesis, including energy metabolism, apoptotic and autophagic cell death, adaptation of tumor microenvironment, and metastasis. We also summarize some of the main metabolic targets for treatments.
线粒体在多种细胞过程中发挥重要作用，包括能量代谢、细胞死亡和衰老。调节能量的产生和利用对于维持正常细胞和功能器官的能量平衡至关重要。然而，在线粒体在肿瘤发生过程中经历了一系列形态和功能的改变。转化细胞的代谢特征发生改变，以适应其快速增殖、赋予抗细胞死亡能力或促进转移。这些转化也为不同水平的抗癌治疗提供了靶点。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在肿瘤发生过程中细胞代谢的主要变化，包括能量代谢、凋亡和自噬性细胞死亡、肿瘤微环境的适应以及转移。我们还总结了一些主要的代谢治疗靶点。
