University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
J Environ Radioact. 2013 Oct;124:278-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.06.010. Epub 2013 Jul 18.
In this study it is shown how radionuclide distributions in agricultural soils and their dependence on soil parameters can be quantitatively estimated. The most important sorption and speciation processes have been implemented into a numerical model using the geochemical code PHREEQC that is able to include specific soil and soil solution compositions. Using this model, distribution coefficients (Kd values) for the elements Cs, Ni, U and Se have been calculated for two different soil types. Furthermore, the dependencies of these Kd values on various soil parameters (e.g. pH value or organic matter content) have been evaluated. It is shown that for each element, an individual set of soil parameters is relevant for its solid-liquid distribution. The model may be used for the calculation of input parameters used by reference biosphere models (e.g. used for the risk assessment of nuclear waste repositories).
在这项研究中，展示了如何定量估计农业土壤中的放射性核素分布及其对土壤参数的依赖性。利用能够包含特定土壤和土壤溶液组成的地球化学代码 PHREEQC，将最重要的吸附和形态形成过程实施到数值模型中。使用该模型，针对两种不同的土壤类型，计算了元素 Cs、Ni、U 和 Se 的分配系数（Kd 值）。此外，还评估了这些 Kd 值对各种土壤参数（例如 pH 值或有机质含量）的依赖性。结果表明，对于每种元素，其固-液分配的相关土壤参数都是特定的。该模型可用于计算参考生物圈模型使用的输入参数（例如，用于核废料处置库风险评估）。
