手术巾和材料在不同浓度氧气中的可燃性。

Flammability of surgical drapes and materials in varying concentrations of oxygen.

机构信息

* Associate Professor, † Undergraduate Researcher, Department of Anesthesiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas.

出版信息

Anesthesiology. 2013 Oct;119(4):770-6. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182a35303.

DOI:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182a35303

PMID:23872933

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Over 600 operating room fires occur annually although many cases go unreported. Over 81% of operating room fires involve surgical drapes, yet limited data exist on the differing degrees of flammability of drapes and other surgical fuel sources in varying oxygen concentrations. The purpose of this study is to assess the flammability characteristics of fuels in the operating room under varying oxygen concentrations.

METHODS

Five fuel sources were analyzed in three levels of oxygen: 21%, 50%, and 100%. Three test samples of each material were burned in a manner similar to that established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Time to sample ignition and time to complete burn were measured with video analysis.

RESULTS

The median [minimum, maximum] ignition time in 21% oxygen was 0.9 s [0.3, 1.9], in 50% oxygen 0.4 s [0.1, 1.2], and in 100% oxygen 0.2 s [0.0, 0.4]. The median burn time in 21% oxygen was 20.4 s [7.8, 33.5], in 50% oxygen 3.1 s [1.4, 8.1], and in 100% oxygen 1.7 s [0.6, 2.7]. Time to ignite and total burn times decreased as oxygen concentration increased (P < 0.001). Flammability characteristics differed by material and oxygen concentration. Utility drapes and surgical gowns did not support combustion in room air, whereas other materials quickly ignited. Flash fires were detected on woven cotton materials in oxygen-enriched environments.

CONCLUSIONS

Operating room personnel should be aware that common materials in the operating room support rapid combustion in oxygen-enriched environments. The risk of ignition and speed of fire propagation increase as oxygen exposure increases. Advances in material science may reduce perioperative fire risk.

摘要

背景

尽管许多手术室火灾未被报告，但每年仍有超过 600 起发生。超过 81%的手术室火灾涉及手术巾，但关于手术巾和其他手术燃料源在不同氧浓度下的不同易燃程度的数据有限。本研究的目的是评估在不同氧浓度下手术室中燃料的易燃特性。

方法

在 21%、50%和 100%三种氧浓度下分析了五种燃料源。以类似于消费者安全委员会建立的方式对每种材料的三个测试样本进行燃烧。使用视频分析测量样品点火时间和完全燃烧时间。

结果

在 21%的氧中，点火时间中位数[最小，最大]为 0.9 s [0.3，1.9]，在 50%的氧中为 0.4 s [0.1，1.2]，在 100%的氧中为 0.2 s [0.0，0.4]。在 21%的氧中，燃烧时间中位数为 20.4 s [7.8，33.5]，在 50%的氧中为 3.1 s [1.4，8.1]，在 100%的氧中为 1.7 s [0.6，2.7]。随着氧浓度的增加，点火时间和总燃烧时间减少（P < 0.001）。材料和氧浓度的不同影响易燃性特征。实用手术巾和手术服在室内空气中不支持燃烧，而其他材料则迅速点燃。在富氧环境中，发现了机织棉材料的闪燃。