Department of Psychology.
SPAN, Inc.
Neuropsychology. 2013 Jul;27(4):491-497. doi: 10.1037/a0033162.
We examined the relationship of socially maladaptive behaviors with decision making and psychopathy in a sample of 26 high-risk males recently released from incarceration who were currently clients in an offender reentry service program.
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) provided measures of individual differences in decision making and psychopathy, respectively.
The IGT and PCL-R each contributed differentially to specific socially disadvantageous outcomes, with poorer decision-making scores predicting recidivism at 3- to 6-month follow-up, and higher psychopathy linked to a retrospective measure of total lifetime incarceration. In addition, in relation to both nonrecidivist and control groups, recidivists showed a distinct pattern of IGT performance for the last 3 blocks of trials, characterized by a failure to learn from feedback and to modify their preferences to more advantageous decks of cards. In addition, the IGT and PCL-R correlated, with poorer decision making corresponding to higher ratings in psychopathy.
The current findings may add to growing evidence of ecological validity of both decision making and psychopathy in relation to real-life outcome measures in high-risk individuals.
我们在一个由 26 名最近从监禁中获释的高风险男性组成的样本中，考察了社交适应不良行为与决策和精神病态之间的关系，这些人目前是罪犯再融入服务项目的客户。
爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）和精神病态检查表修订版（PCL-R）分别提供了个体决策和精神病态差异的测量。
IGT 和 PCL-R 各自对特定的社交不利结果有不同的贡献，较差的决策得分预测了 3 至 6 个月的随访中的累犯，而较高的精神病态与回顾性的总终身监禁测量有关。此外，与非累犯和对照组相比，累犯者在最后 3 轮试验中表现出明显的 IGT 表现模式，其特点是无法从反馈中学习并将其偏好修改为更有利的纸牌组。此外，IGT 和 PCL-R 相关，较差的决策对应于精神病态的更高评分。
目前的发现可能会增加决策和精神病态在高风险个体的现实生活结果测量方面的生态有效性的证据。
