McCarthy A M
Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Kensington, United Kingdom.
J Helminthol. 1990 Jun;64(2):161-7. doi: 10.1017/s0022149x00012074.
The infectivity of Apatemon (Australapatemon) minor cercariae to 7 species of freshwater leech was examined under laboratory conditions. The leech species exposed to infection were; Erpobdella octoculata, Helobdella stagnalis, Glossiphonia heteroclita, Glossiphonia complanata, Hemiclepsis marginata, Piscicola geometra, and Theromyzon tessulatum. Five species were capable of acting as second intermediate hosts. Despite this broad specificity only Erpobdella octoculata and Helobdella stagnalis could be considered to show a high degree of compatibility with the parasite. In these 2 leech species more than 38% of the cercariae successfully penetrated and established metacercarial cyst infections. The leeches Piscicola geometra and Theromyzon tessulatum did not become infected. Close parallels were found between the species order of host utilization determined experimentally and that revealed by a range of field surveys in Britain, Eastern Europe and Russia. This suggests that the order of second intermediate host utilization in the natural environment has, at least in part, a physiological basis. The degree to which different leeches are utilized as hosts may relate to the opportunity which they afford for transmission of A. minor to wildfowl definitive hosts.
在实验室条件下，检测了微小阿帕特吸虫（澳大利亚阿帕特吸虫）尾蚴对7种淡水水蛭的感染性。暴露于感染的水蛭种类有：八目石蛭、静止扁蛭、杂色舌蛭、扁平舌蛭、缘边半环蛭、几何扇蛭和棋盘格蛭。其中有5种能够充当第二中间宿主。尽管宿主特异性较广，但只有八目石蛭和静止扁蛭可被认为与该寄生虫具有高度兼容性。在这两种水蛭中，超过38%的尾蚴成功穿透并形成了后尾蚴囊肿感染。几何扇蛭和棋盘格蛭未被感染。实验确定的宿主利用物种顺序与英国、东欧和俄罗斯一系列实地调查所揭示的顺序之间发现了密切的相似性。这表明，自然环境中第二中间宿主利用顺序至少部分具有生理基础。不同水蛭作为宿主被利用的程度可能与它们为微小阿帕特吸虫向野生禽类终末宿主传播提供的机会有关。
