Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain,
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013 Nov;65(4):654-64. doi: 10.1007/s00244-013-9941-1. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
Lake Albufera is one of the most eutrophic bodies of water in Spain due to point and diffuse pollution over past decades, and its sediments are likely to be anoxic because of high organic matter flux. Hence, sulphides can play an important role in limiting the mobility of heavy metals. This study aimed to study the vertical variation of acid volatile sulphide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) in sediment cores collected from Lake Albufera; other sediment characteristics, such as organic matter, biochemical oxygen, demand or total metals, were also studied. Three sites were selected, and four sampling campaigns were performed to study spatial and temporal variation as well as to obtain information regarding historical variation in the composition of sediments. AVS and SEM were analysed by the purge-and-trap method. The vertical distribution of AVS and SEM varied depending on the sampling site-concentrations of AVS and SEM were higher at sites close to mouths of inflowing channels. A decreasing trend of AVS has been found at these sites over time: In the two first samplings, AVS increased with depth reaching maximum concentrations of 40 and 21 μmol g(-1), but from then on AVS were lower and decreased with depth. SEM decreased with depth from 3 μmol g(-1) in surface layers to approximately 1 μmol g(-1) at deeper segments at these sites. However, the central site was more uniform with respect to depth as well as with time; it presented lower values of SEM and AVS (mean 0.9 and 2.0 μmol g(-1) respectively), and the maximum value of AVS (7 μmol g(-1)) was found at the top layer (0-3 cm). According to the (SEM-AVS)/fOC approach, every site, and throughout the cores, can be classified as containing nontoxic metals because the values were <130 μmol g(-1).
阿尔布费拉湖由于过去几十年的点源和面源污染，是西班牙富营养化最严重的水体之一，其沉积物很可能处于缺氧状态，因为有机物质通量很高。因此，硫化物可以在限制重金属的迁移方面发挥重要作用。本研究旨在研究从阿尔布费拉湖采集的沉积物岩芯中酸可挥发性硫化物（AVS）和同时提取的金属（SEM）的垂直变化；还研究了其他沉积物特性，如有机质、生化需氧量或总金属。选择了三个地点，并进行了四次采样活动，以研究空间和时间变化，并获取有关沉积物成分历史变化的信息。通过吹扫和捕集法分析了 AVS 和 SEM。AVS 和 SEM 的垂直分布取决于采样地点——靠近入流通道口的地点的 AVS 和 SEM 浓度较高。随着时间的推移，这些地点的 AVS 呈下降趋势：在前两次采样中，AVS 随深度增加而增加，达到 40 和 21 μmol g(-1)的最高浓度，但此后 AVS 浓度降低并随深度降低。SEM 随深度从表层的 3 μmol g(-1)减少到这些地点较深部分的约 1 μmol g(-1)。然而，中心地点在深度和时间上都更加均匀；它表现出较低的 SEM 和 AVS 值（分别为平均 0.9 和 2.0 μmol g(-1)），AVS 的最大值（7 μmol g(-1)）出现在顶层（0-3 cm）。根据（SEM-AVS）/fOC 方法，每个地点和整个岩芯都可以归类为含有非毒性金属，因为值<130 μmol g(-1)。
