Whatley F R
Ciba Found Symp. 1975(31):41-61. doi: 10.1002/9780470720134.ch4.
Illuminated chloroplast fragments, which can convert light into chemical energy (NADPH2 and ATP), contain a number of soluble and insoluble electron carriers that have been arranged, on the basis of their redox potentials and on kinetic and other evidence, in sequences (analogous to those in mitochondria) to describe the events involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis. Fractionation of chloroplasts allows separation of two light-dependent partial reactions: the evolution of oxygen and the reduction of pyridine nucleotide, accompanied by ATP synthesis. The stoichiometry of the latter reaction is still uncertain. Chloroplasts contain a directional proton-translocating ATPase (CF1) needed for the phosphorylation of ADP in the light. The CF1 also catalyses synthesis of ATP from ADP. When a pH gradient is applied in the dark across the phosphorylating membranes, the amount of ATP synthesized is related to both the change in pH and the electrical potential. During its catalytic activity, the CF1 protein undergoes reversible conformational changes, but this is not the source of the driving force for ATP synthesis.
被光照的叶绿体片段能够将光能转化为化学能（还原型辅酶Ⅱ和三磷酸腺苷），其中含有许多可溶和不可溶的电子载体。根据它们的氧化还原电位以及动力学和其他证据，这些电子载体已被排列成序列（类似于线粒体中的序列），以描述光合作用光反应中涉及的事件。叶绿体分级分离可将两个光依赖的部分反应分开：氧气的释放和吡啶核苷酸的还原，并伴有三磷酸腺苷的合成。后一反应的化学计量关系仍不确定。叶绿体含有一种在光照下使二磷酸腺苷磷酸化所需的定向质子转运三磷酸腺苷酶（CF1）。CF1也催化由二磷酸腺苷合成三磷酸腺苷。当在黑暗中跨磷酸化膜施加pH梯度时，合成的三磷酸腺苷量与pH变化和电势都有关。在其催化活性过程中，CF1蛋白会发生可逆的构象变化，但这不是三磷酸腺苷合成驱动力的来源。
