do Sameiro Barroso Maria
Faculdade de Ciencias Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Acta Med Hist Adriat. 2013;11(1):75-88.
This article focuses on cesarean section carried out after the mother's death to rescue the living infant and on embryotomy, a medical procedure to save the mother described as early as the Hippocratic writings (5th to 4th century B.C.) and practiced until the times of Paul of Aegina (7th century A.D). The available sources do not mention cesarean section on a living mother to save the infant. On the other side, writings on embryotomy state clearly that Greek and Roman physicians strove hard to save women's lives. Written in ancient, male-centered societies, these texts convey an unequivocal positive attitude towards women, despite current misogynist assessments by philosophers and physicians who considered women inferior, based on their organic and biological features.
本文重点关注在母亲死亡后进行剖宫产以挽救存活婴儿的情况，以及胚胎切割术，这是一种早在希波克拉底著作（公元前5至4世纪）中就已描述并一直施行到公元7世纪埃伊纳岛的保罗时代的用于拯救母亲的医疗程序。现有资料未提及对存活母亲进行剖宫产以挽救婴儿的情况。另一方面，关于胚胎切割术的文献明确指出，希腊和罗马的医生竭力挽救妇女的生命。这些文本写于古代以男性为中心的社会，尽管当代一些哲学家和医生基于女性的机体和生理特征认为女性低人一等，但这些文本对女性表达了明确的积极态度。
