Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2013 Nov 30;210(1):242-6. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.009. Epub 2013 Jul 23.
Cognitive behavioural models consider certain personality traits to be risk factors for the development of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). Research on personality traits in BDD is scarce, therefore this study examined perfectionism, aesthetic sensitivity and the behavioural inhibition system (BIS) in BDD. Furthermore, the association between these personality traits and the extent of dysmorphic concerns was investigated. Individuals with BDD (n=58) and a population based control sample (n=2071), selected from a representative German population survey, completed self-report questionnaires assessing DSM-5 criteria of BDD, dysmorphic concerns, perfectionism, aesthetic sensitivity and BIS-reactivity. Individuals with BDD reported significantly higher degrees of perfectionism as well as of BIS-reactivity compared to the population based control sample, whereas the groups did not differ significantly regarding aesthetic sensitivity. However, for the total sample, each of the personality traits was related dimensionally to dysmorphic concerns. Current BDD models consider perfectionism and aesthetic sensitivity to be vulnerability factors. In addition to these concepts, the present study suggests that BIS-reactivity is related to BDD. Self-reported aesthetic sensitivity was not found to be specifically pronounced in BDD, but along with perfectionism and BIS-reactivity aesthetic sensitivity was generally associated with dysmorphic concerns.
认知行为模型认为某些人格特质是躯体变形障碍（BDD）发展的风险因素。BDD 中人格特质的研究很少，因此本研究检查了 BDD 中的完美主义、审美敏感性和行为抑制系统（BIS）。此外，还研究了这些人格特质与畸形关注程度之间的关系。BDD 患者（n=58）和从具有代表性的德国人群调查中选择的基于人群的对照组（n=2071）完成了自我报告问卷，评估了 BDD 的 DSM-5 标准、畸形关注、完美主义、审美敏感性和 BIS 反应性。与基于人群的对照组相比，BDD 患者报告的完美主义程度和 BIS 反应性显著更高，而两组在审美敏感性方面没有显著差异。然而，对于总样本，每种人格特质都与畸形关注存在维度上的关系。当前的 BDD 模型认为完美主义和审美敏感性是脆弱因素。除了这些概念之外，本研究还表明 BIS 反应性与 BDD 有关。自我报告的审美敏感性在 BDD 中并没有特别明显，但与完美主义和 BIS 反应性一样，审美敏感性通常与畸形关注有关。
