Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Instituto Galego da Calidade Alimentaria-Xunta de Galicia, Carretera AC-542 de Betanzos a Mesón do Vento, Km 7, CP 15318, Abegondo (A Coruña), Spain; SALUVET, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, CP 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2013 Nov 8;197(3-4):658-64. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.002. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
The aim of the present study was to identify the species and/or genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis infecting roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Galicia (NW Spain). The presence of both enteropathogens was investigated in 212 faecal samples from roe deer shot in diverse game preserves in three different areas of Galicia. The samples were analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy and PCR amplification, and fragments of the 18S SSU rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium and the β-giardin gene of G. duodenalis were sequenced. In total, 9 samples (4.2%) were positive for Cryptosporidium and 19 samples (8.9%) for G. duodenalis. These samples tested positive with both techniques. However, gene sequencing was only possible for Cryptosporidium in 6 of the samples and for G. duodenalis in 7 of the samples. Cryptosporidium bovis was identified in 3 samples and C. ryanae oocysts were detected in another 3 samples. Sequencing of the amplicons identified G. duodenalis sub-assemblage A-II in 7 samples. Both Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis infections were more prevalent in juvenile than in adult animals, although the differences were not significant. G. duodenalis was more prevalent than Cryptosporidium in both age groups, although again the differences were not statistically significant. The mean intensity of infection by Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis was similar in both age groups and ranged between 5 and 225 oocysts/g and 5 and 320 cysts/g of faeces, respectively. This study represents the first molecular characterization of these parasites in Spanish roe deer. Identification of C. bovis and G. duodenalis sub-assemblage A-II indicates that zoonotic transmission of these enteropathogens between roe deer and humans is possible and that cross transmission of some Cryptosporidium species and G. duodenalis (sub-assemblage A-II) may occur between related animal species sharing the same habitats.
本研究旨在鉴定感染西班牙加利西亚（西北部）马鹿（Capreolus capreolus）的隐孢子虫和贾第虫的种和/或基因型。在加利西亚三个不同地区的多个狩猎保护区中，对 212 份马鹿粪便样本进行了免疫荧光显微镜检查和 PCR 扩增，检测了这两种肠道病原体的存在。对扩增的 18S SSU rRNA 基因的片段进行了测序。总共 9 份（4.2%）样本对隐孢子虫呈阳性，19 份（8.9%）样本对贾第虫呈阳性。这两种方法都检测到了这两种样本呈阳性。然而，只有 6 份样本可对隐孢子虫进行基因测序，7 份样本可对贾第虫进行基因测序。3 份样本中鉴定出了牛隐孢子虫，另外 3 份样本中检测到了 C. ryanae 卵囊。7 份样本中鉴定出了贾第虫亚群 A-II。幼鹿的隐孢子虫和贾第虫感染率均高于成年鹿，尽管差异不显著。两个年龄组中，贾第虫的感染率均高于隐孢子虫，尽管差异也无统计学意义。隐孢子虫和贾第虫的感染强度在两个年龄组中相似，范围分别为 5-225 个卵囊/g 和 5-320 个囊包/g 的粪便。本研究代表了西班牙马鹿中这些寄生虫的首次分子特征描述。鉴定出牛隐孢子虫和贾第虫亚群 A-II 表明，这些肠道病原体在马鹿和人类之间存在动物源性传播的可能性，并且一些隐孢子虫种和贾第虫（亚群 A-II）可能在共享相同栖息地的相关动物物种之间发生交叉传播。
