Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Environ Res. 2013 Aug;125:12-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2013.03.015. Epub 2013 Jul 23.
The distribution of mercury in the soil, sediment and river water around the artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) area along the Cikaniki River, West Java, Indonesia, was investigated. The total mercury concentration (T-Hg) in the forest soil ranged from 0.11 to 7.0mgkg(-1), and the highest value was observed at the ASGM village. In the vertical T-Hg profile around the villages, the highest value was observed at the soil surface, and the concentration decreased with depth. This result suggested that the mercury released by mining activity was dispersed through the atmosphere and deposited on the surface. The total organic carbon content (TOC) showed a similar vertical profile as the T-Hg, and a linear relationship was found between T-Hg and TOC. Mercury deposited on the surface can be absorbed by organic matter. The slope of the line was larger near the ASGM village, implying a higher rate of deposition of mercury. The T-Hg in the sediment ranged from 10 to 70mgkg(-1), decreasing gradually toward the lower reaches of the river. Mining waste can be transported with the river flow and deposited along the river. The distribution of the mining waste can be determined using the mineralogical composition measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.
研究了印度尼西亚西爪哇 Cikaniki 河沿岸手工和小规模采金（ASGM）区周围土壤、沉积物和河水中汞的分布情况。森林土壤中的总汞浓度（T-Hg）范围为 0.11 至 7.0mgkg(-1)，最高值出现在 ASGM 村庄。在村庄周围的 T-Hg 垂直剖面中，最高值出现在土壤表面，随着深度的增加浓度逐渐降低。这一结果表明，采矿活动释放的汞通过大气分散并沉积在表面。总有机碳含量（TOC）呈现出与 T-Hg 相似的垂直分布，并且在 T-Hg 和 TOC 之间发现了线性关系。沉积在表面的汞可以被有机物吸收。在 ASGM 村庄附近，该线的斜率较大，这意味着汞的沉积速率较高。沉积物中的 T-Hg 范围为 10 至 70mgkg(-1)，并逐渐向河流下游减少。采矿废物可随河水流动并沿河流沉积。可以使用 X 射线荧光光谱法测量的矿物成分来确定采矿废物的分布。
