Schuhmacher Alexander, Germann Paul-Georg, Trill Henning, Gassmann Oliver
Reutlingen University, School of Applied Chemistry, Alteburgstrasse 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany.
Drug Discov Today. 2013 Dec;18(23-24):1133-7. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.07.013. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
The nature of the pharmaceutical industry is such that the main driver for its growth is innovation. In view of the vast challenges that the industry has been facing for several years and, in particular, how to manage stagnating research and development (R&D) productivity, pharmaceutical companies have opened their R&D organizations to external innovation. Here, we identify and characterize four new types of open innovator, which we call 'knowledge creator', 'knowledge integrator', 'knowledge translator' and 'knowledge leverager', and which describe current open R&D models.
制药行业的性质决定了其增长的主要驱动力是创新。鉴于该行业多年来一直面临着巨大挑战，尤其是如何应对研发生产力停滞不前的问题，制药公司已将其研发机构向外部创新开放。在此，我们识别并描述了四种新型开放式创新者，我们将其称为“知识创造者”“知识整合者”“知识转化者”和“知识利用者”，它们描述了当前的开放式研发模式。
