Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):258-63. doi: 10.1007/s12178-013-9182-y.
Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) is characterized by abnormal contact of the hip joint. Many etiologies cause this painful condition, which leads to early osteoarthritis. While hip arthroscopy has become the most prevalent way to surgically correct a hip, some presentations of FAI require open surgical hip preservation techniques to fully address the pathology at hand. Certain head neck deformities may require open surgical hip dislocation utilizing a trochanteric slide osteotomy. A retroverted acetabulum may require an open periacetabular osteotomy to gain anteversion and eliminate impingement in the hip joint. Acetabular protrusio may require surgical hip dislocation with rim trimming and a possible valgus intertrochanter osteotomy. The sequelae of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease causes complex abnormalities about the hip joint, which may require open surgery to address both the intra-articular pathology and the extra-articular pathology. Osteotomies of the proximal femur and acetabulum may all be necessary to restore a hip back to normal morphology. Chronic slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) may also require open surgical hip dislocations and complex intertrochanter osteotomies to recreate normal morphology.
髋关节撞击综合征（FAI）的特征是髋关节异常接触。许多病因导致这种疼痛的情况，从而导致早期骨关节炎。虽然髋关节镜检查已成为最流行的手术矫正髋关节的方法，但FAI 的某些表现需要开放式髋关节保留手术技术来充分解决手头的病变。某些头颈畸形可能需要开放式髋关节脱位，利用转子滑动截骨术。髋臼后倾可能需要进行髋臼周围截骨术以获得前倾并消除髋关节撞击。髋臼前突可能需要通过髋关节脱位、边缘修整和可能的外展转子间截骨术来治疗。Legg-Calvé-Perthes 病的后遗症会导致髋关节的复杂异常，可能需要开放式手术来解决关节内和关节外的病变。股骨近端和髋臼的截骨术可能都需要恢复髋关节的正常形态。慢性股骨头骨骺滑脱（SCFE）也可能需要开放式髋关节脱位和复杂的转子间截骨术来重建正常形态。
