Chirumbolo Salvatore
Laboratory of Physiopathology of Obesity, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2013 Jul 9;12(3):196-202.
Adverse effects following immunization to vaccines (AEFI) are considered extremely rare events, the occurrence of which could gain a major role in optimizing allergy diagnosis by cellular tests. The urgent need to eradicate infectious diseases from population, is the main goal of vaccination campaign, therefore its successful outcome should be almost undisputable. Basophil Activation Test (BAT) is commonly used to ascertain a type I hypersensitivity reaction, often replacing reasability tests. Therefore, flow cytometry assay of basophil, as performed in BATs, is employed to test if a particular antigen elicits some activatory response from cells. The allergic subject may undergo an AEFI to vaccine not necessarily by an atopic reaction with an allergen within vaccines but because of the existence of an asymptomatic or not diagnosed inflammatory chronic allergy or other immune-disregulating allergy disorder in the subject. BAT, also in its basilar fashion, might be used from a simple heparinized whole blood specimen, but its application in diagnosing allergy before mandatory of facultative vaccination, must be associated to improve other diagnostic tools, at least in its pivotal application. If the application of BAT can be suggested to improve allergy diagnosis by introducing a cellular test in routinely used tools, such as sIgE and SPT, its use, due to possible expertise-consuming and relatively expensive issues, can be included in a specialized allergy consultancy panel as an exploratory approach of allergy inflammation, for which a subject undergoing immunization by vaccines is suggested to undergo and advised to sign an informed consent for BAT performing. This may extend BAT use in many other forms of chronic allergy and immunity disorders related to AEFI with vaccines.
疫苗接种后的不良反应（AEFI）被认为是极其罕见的事件，其发生在通过细胞检测优化过敏诊断中可能起主要作用。从人群中根除传染病的迫切需求是疫苗接种运动的主要目标，因此其成功结果几乎是无可争议的。嗜碱性粒细胞活化试验（BAT）通常用于确定I型超敏反应，常替代可行性试验。因此，在BAT中进行的嗜碱性粒细胞流式细胞术检测用于测试特定抗原是否会引起细胞的某种激活反应。过敏受试者发生疫苗接种后的AEFI不一定是因为疫苗中过敏原的特应性反应，而是因为受试者存在无症状或未诊断的炎症性慢性过敏或其他免疫调节异常的过敏疾病。BAT，即使是其基本形式，也可以从简单的肝素化全血标本中使用，但其在强制或选择性疫苗接种前诊断过敏中的应用，必须与改进其他诊断工具相结合，至少在其关键应用中是这样。如果建议应用BAT通过在常规使用的工具（如sIgE和SPT）中引入细胞检测来改善过敏诊断，由于可能存在耗费专业知识和相对昂贵的问题，其使用可以作为过敏炎症的一种探索性方法纳入专门的过敏咨询小组，对于接受疫苗接种的受试者建议进行该检测并建议签署BAT检测的知情同意书。这可能会扩大BAT在与疫苗接种后AEFI相关的许多其他形式的慢性过敏和免疫疾病中的应用。
