Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry, Biofilm Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Proteomics. 2013 Oct;13(18-19):2831-50. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201300088.
In recent years, much progress has been made in proteomic studies to unravel metabolic pathways and basic cellular processes. This is especially interesting for members of the Archaea, the third domain of life. Archaea exhibit extraordinary features and many of their cultivable representatives are adaptable to extreme environments. Archaea harbor many unique traits besides bacterial attributes, such as size, shape, and DNA structure and eukaryal characteristics like information processing. Sulfolobus solfataricus P2, a thermoacidophilic archaeal representative, is a well-established model organism adapted to low-pH environments (pH 2-3) and high temperatures (80°C). The genome has a size of 3 Mbp and its sequence has been deciphered. Approximately 3033 predicted open reading frames have been identified and the genome is characterized by a great number of diverse insertion sequence elements. In unraveling the organisms' metabolism and lifestyle, proteomic analyses have played a major role. Much effort has been directed at this organism and is reviewed here. With the help of proteomics, unique metabolic pathways were resolved in S. solfataricus, targets for regulatory protein phosphorylation identified, and cellular responses upon virus infection as well as oxidative stress analyzed.
近年来，在蛋白质组学研究方面取得了很大进展，以揭示代谢途径和基本细胞过程。这对于生命的第三域古菌成员来说尤其有趣。古菌表现出非凡的特征，它们许多可培养的代表适应极端环境。古菌除了具有细菌属性（如大小、形状和 DNA 结构）外，还具有许多独特的特征，如真核生物的信息处理特征。嗜热嗜酸古菌 Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 是一种适应低 pH 环境（pH 2-3）和高温（80°C）的典型模式生物。其基因组大小为 3 Mbp，序列已被破译。大约有 3033 个预测的开放阅读框被识别，基因组的特点是具有大量不同的插入序列元件。在揭示生物体的代谢和生活方式方面，蛋白质组学分析发挥了重要作用。人们为此生物体付出了巨大的努力，本文对此进行了综述。借助蛋白质组学，解决了 S. solfataricus 中的独特代谢途径，确定了调控蛋白磷酸化的靶标，并分析了病毒感染和氧化应激时的细胞反应。
