Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 355 West 16th Street, Suite 4700, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2013 Aug;31(3):869-78. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2013.03.012. Epub 2013 May 18.
The immune system plays a significant role in Alzheimer disease (AD). β-Amyloid deposition in the cortex is thought to be an initiating event in AD and the widely believed amyloid hypothesis proposes removal of amyloid may delay disease progression. Human trials of active or passive immune agents have failed to show benefit and increased adverse events of vasogenic edema and microhemorrhages. Evidence suggests the illness may be too advanced by the time patients are symptomatic with dementia. Future directions include better understanding of how and where immunotherapies should be targeted and treating patients at earlier stages of the illness.
免疫系统在阿尔茨海默病（AD）中起着重要作用。皮质中的β-淀粉样蛋白沉积被认为是 AD 的起始事件，而广泛被接受的淀粉样蛋白假说提出，清除淀粉样蛋白可能会延缓疾病进展。主动或被动免疫制剂的人体试验未能显示出益处，反而增加了血管源性水肿和微出血等不良反应。有证据表明，当患者出现痴呆症状时，疾病可能已经发展到相当严重的阶段。未来的研究方向包括更好地了解免疫疗法应该针对的方式和部位，以及在疾病的早期阶段对患者进行治疗。
