Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
J Cell Biol. 2013 Aug 5;202(3):509-26. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201211148. Epub 2013 Jul 29.
A screen for mutations that affect the recruitment of the exocyst to secretory vesicles identified genes encoding clathrin and proteins that associate or colocalize with clathrin at sites of endocytosis. However, no significant colocalization of the exocyst with clathrin was seen, arguing against a direct role in exocyst recruitment. Rather, these components are needed to recycle the exocytic vesicle SNAREs Snc1p and Snc2p from the plasma membrane into new secretory vesicles where they act to recruit the exocyst. We observe a direct interaction between the exocyst subunit Sec6p and the latter half of the SNARE motif of Snc2p. An snc2 mutation that specifically disrupts this interaction led to exocyst mislocalization and a block in exocytosis in vivo without affecting liposome fusion in vitro. Overexpression of Sec4p partially suppressed the exocyst localization defects of mutations in clathrin and clathrin-associated components. We propose that the exocyst is recruited to secretory vesicles by the combinatorial signals of Sec4-GTP and the Snc proteins. This could help to confer both specificity and directionality to vesicular traffic.
筛选出可影响外泌体招募到分泌小泡的突变,确定了编码网格蛋白的基因以及与网格蛋白在胞吞作用位点相关或共定位的蛋白质。然而,并没有发现外泌体与网格蛋白的显著共定位,这表明外泌体的招募并非直接作用。相反,这些成分是将外排小泡 SNAREs Snc1p 和 Snc2p 从质膜重新循环到新的分泌小泡所必需的,在那里它们可以募集外泌体。我们观察到外泌体亚基 Sec6p 与 Snc2p 的 SNARE 基序的后半部分之间存在直接相互作用。一种特异性破坏这种相互作用的 snc2 突变导致外泌体定位错误,并在体内阻断胞吐作用,而不影响体外脂质体融合。Sec4p 的过表达部分抑制了网格蛋白和网格蛋白相关成分突变中外泌体的定位缺陷。我们提出,外泌体通过 Sec4-GTP 和 Snc 蛋白的组合信号被招募到分泌小泡。这有助于赋予囊泡运输以特异性和方向性。