Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.
Laryngoscope. 2014 Feb;124(2):522-30. doi: 10.1002/lary.24327. Epub 2013 Oct 2.
Morell Mackenzie's The Hygiene of the Vocal Organs: A Practical Handbook for Singers and Speakers (1886), is his only work that has been continually published into the 20th century. Why is this?
The bibliographic history and details of all the editions from the first in 1886 until the ninth and last in 1928 were examined. Reviews and all other commentary about the book were ascertained though literature and library document searches.
The book is still in use as the first edition is available online from the Cornell University library, and that hard copy was last taken out from that library on December 19, 1986, and returned with the fine paid on January 8, 1987. It was translated and published in Swedish, French, German, and Spanish. All of the editions are small, inexpensively bound, and printed on inexpensive paper so the cost was minimal in contradistinction to other works on the voice which are larger and expensive. To make it accessible for performers and practitioners, the contents of the earlier editions were modified by placing the technical, anatomical, and physiological information as an appendix. The book was in part criticized by Manuel Garcia in Felix Semon's German journal, Internationales Centralblatt fur Laryngologie, Rhinologie und verwandte Wissenchaften, McKenzie answered these critiques in the seventh edition and noted that Garcia did not know German and that the translator, Semon, was an antagonist. Mackenzie is emphatic in his advice to avoid singing when there's any sign of vocal difficulty.
The medical advice was, on the whole, good common sense and provided substantial authority for a person to decline a performance-how grateful the singers must have been for that! The Hygiene of the Vocal Organs: A Practical Handbook for Singers and Speakers was, for the professional voice users-singers, actors, speakers, and for their teachers and physicians, a useful, concise, small, inexpensive, and authoritative book. With these virtues noted, we can well understand why it remained in circulation and use for a century. In terms of the dissemination of ideas, this heretofore neglected work may be Mackenzie's most long-lasting contribution to laryngology.
莫雷尔·麦肯齐的《发声器官卫生学：歌手和演说家实用手册》（1886 年）是他唯一一部持续出版到 20 世纪的著作。为什么会这样呢？
研究了从 1886 年第一版到 1928 年第九版最后一版的所有版本的书目历史和详细信息。通过文献和图书馆文档搜索，确定了关于这本书的所有评论和其他所有评论。
这本书仍在使用中，因为康奈尔大学图书馆可以在线获取第一版，该图书馆最后一次借出这本书是在 1986 年 12 月 19 日，并于 1987 年 1 月 8 日归还，同时支付了罚款。它被翻译成瑞典语、法语、德语和西班牙语出版。所有版本都很小，装订便宜，印刷在廉价的纸张上，因此与其他关于声音的作品相比，成本非常低，其他作品更大、更昂贵。为了使表演者和从业者能够使用，早期版本的内容通过将技术、解剖和生理学信息作为附录进行了修改。这本书在某种程度上受到了曼努埃尔·加西亚在费利克斯·塞蒙的德国期刊《国际喉科学、鼻科学和相关科学杂志》上的批评，麦肯齐在第七版中回答了这些批评，并指出加西亚不懂德语，翻译塞蒙是他的对手。麦肯齐在建议避免在出现任何发声困难迹象时唱歌时非常强调。
总的来说，医学建议是良好的常识，并为拒绝表演提供了实质性的权威——歌手们对此一定非常感激！《发声器官卫生学：歌手和演说家实用手册》是为专业声乐使用者——歌手、演员、演讲者以及他们的教师和医生编写的一本有用、简明、小巧、廉价且权威的书。考虑到这些优点，我们可以很好地理解为什么它在一个世纪以来一直流通和使用。就思想的传播而言，这部以前被忽视的著作可能是麦肯齐对喉科学最持久的贡献。
