Rudelli Bruno Alves, Silva Marcelo Valerio Alabarce da, Akkari Miguel, Santili Claudio
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital da Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2013;131(3):153-7. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2013.1313479.
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Falls from the roof slabs of houses are accidents of high potential severity that occur in large Brazilian cities and often affect children and adolescents. The aims of this study were to characterize the factors that predispose towards this type of fall involving children and adolescents, quantify the severity of associated lesions and suggest preventive measures. DESIGN AND SETTING Descriptive observational prospective longitudinal study in two hospitals in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. METHODS Data were collected from 29 cases of falls from roof slabs involving children and adolescents between October 2008 and October 2009. RESULTS Cases involving males were more prevalent, accounting for 84%. The predominant age group was schoolchildren (7 to 12 years old; 44%). Leisure activities were most frequently being practiced on the roof slab at the time of the fall (86%), and flying a kite was the most prevalent game (37.9%). In 72% of the cases, the children were unaccompanied by an adult responsible for them. Severe conditions such as multiple trauma and traumatic brain injuries resulted from 79% of the accidents. CONCLUSION Falls from roof slabs are accidents of high potential severity, and preventive measures aimed towards informing parents and guardians about the dangers and risk factors associated with this type of accident are needed, along with physical protective measures, such as low walls around the slab and gates with locks to restrict free access to these places.
背景与目的 房屋屋顶板坠落事故是巴西大城市中具有高度潜在严重性的事故，常影响儿童和青少年。本研究旨在描述导致儿童和青少年发生此类坠落事故的因素，量化相关损伤的严重程度，并提出预防措施。
设计与地点 在圣保罗大都市地区的两家医院进行的描述性观察前瞻性纵向研究。
方法 收集了2008年10月至2009年10月期间29例儿童和青少年从屋顶板坠落的病例数据。
结果 男性病例更为普遍，占84%。主要年龄组是学童（7至12岁；44%）。坠落时最常在屋顶板上进行休闲活动（86%），放风筝是最常见的游戏（37.9%）。72%的病例中，儿童没有负责照顾他们的成年人陪同。79%的事故导致了如多发伤和创伤性脑损伤等严重情况。
结论 从屋顶板坠落是具有高度潜在严重性的事故，需要采取预防措施，告知家长和监护人此类事故相关的危险和风险因素，同时采取物理防护措施，如在屋顶板周围设置矮墙以及安装带锁的门以限制自由进入这些地方。
