Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2014 Apr;98(2):384-92. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12114. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of the short-term addition of sunflower and linseed oil and castration on fatty acid composition and desaturation indexes in chicken broilers. Forty-eight male Ross 308 chicken broilers were supplemented with 5% of sunflower or linseed oil. The four experimental groups were linseed oil supplementation and castration (LC), linseed oil without castration (LN), sunflower oil and castration (SC) and sunflower oil without castration (SN). There was no significant influence of castration or oil supplement on live weights, weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion. Castration resulted in an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), total n3, n6, measured desaturation indexes and a decrease in the saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content of abdominal fat. In breast muscle, castration increased PUFA and 18:3n3 values, while in the liver tissue, castration did not influence the parameters measured. Linseed oil supplementation significantly increased 18:3n3, n3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFA), total n3 and decreased total n6, n6/n3 ratio, and 20:4n6 content. Values for 20:4n6 were the highest in SC and the lowest in the LC group. Linseed oil also significantly decreased ∆5 and ∆4 desaturation indexes in the thighs and ∆5 and ∆5, 6 in abdominal fat and the liver. These results suggest that short-term supplementation of basal diet with 5% of linseed oil could significantly increase n3 LC PUFA and decrease n6/n3 ratio content in the edible tissues of chicken broilers, without adverse effects on growth performance. Meanwhile, castration only improved fatty acid profile in abdominal fat, which is not nutritionally important. The interactions observed between basal diet, supplemented oil, sex hormones and other non-nutritional factors must be elucidated in future trials in order to correctly predict the nutritional value of linseed-fed poultry.
本研究旨在探讨短期添加葵花籽油和亚麻籽油以及去势对肉鸡脂肪酸组成和饱和度指数的影响。将 48 只雄性罗斯 308 肉鸡补充 5%的葵花籽油或亚麻籽油。四个实验组分别为亚麻籽油补充和去势（LC）、亚麻籽油不去势（LN）、葵花籽油和去势（SC）和葵花籽油不去势（SN）。去势或油补充对活重、增重、采食量或饲料转化率没有显著影响。去势导致多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）、总 n3、n6、测量的饱和度指数增加，饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）含量减少腹部脂肪。在鸡胸肉中，去势增加了 PUFA 和 18:3n3 值，而在肝脏组织中，去势未影响所测量的参数。亚麻籽油补充显著增加了 18:3n3、n3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC PUFA）、总 n3，降低了总 n6、n6/n3 比值和 20:4n6 含量。SC 组的 20:4n6 值最高，LC 组最低。亚麻籽油还显著降低了大腿和腹部脂肪和肝脏中 ∆5 和 ∆4 饱和度指数以及 ∆5、6。这些结果表明，在基础日粮中短期添加 5%的亚麻籽油可以显著增加肉鸡可食用组织中的 n3 LC PUFA，并降低 n6/n3 比值含量，而不会对生长性能产生不利影响。同时，去势仅改善了腹部脂肪的脂肪酸谱，这在营养上并不重要。未来的试验必须阐明基础日粮、补充油、性激素和其他非营养因素之间的相互作用，以便正确预测亚麻籽喂养家禽的营养价值。
