Puckett R T, Calixto A A, Reed J J, McDonald D L, Drees B Bart, Gold R E
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2143 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2143, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2013 Aug;42(4):763-9. doi: 10.1603/EN13150.
A variety of traps have been developed for monitoring introduced populations of Pseudacteon spp. phorid flies (Diptera: Phoridae) across their established range in the United States. Such traps typically exploit common aspects of phorid fly biology and behavior, such as their attraction to live or dead red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), as well as the perching behavior of these parasitoids. However, populations of multiple species of phorid flies have been established in the United States to serve as biological control agents against S. invicta, and it is unclear if all trap designs are equally effective in sampling this variety of phorid species. This study investigated the effectiveness of six trap designs simultaneously during three sampling events in south-central Texas. Interactions between two species of phorid flies (Pseudacteon tricuspis Borgmeier and P. curvatus B.) and their hosts have been intensively studied at this location for over eight years. When analyzed independently, there were no significant differences in the mean number of P. curvatus or P. tricuspis phorids collected by any of the trap designs during any of the sampling events. However, when the total number of phorids collected were combined, significant trap performance differentials were observed during the October 2010 sampling event. Furthermore, there were significant differences among male flies during the September 2012 observation. Additionally, a trap component cost comparison is provided. The consistent and relatively equivalent performance of the phorid traps investigated in these trials suggests that all are appropriate for phorid surveillance, and cost and ease-of-use considerations may be the most important criteria when selecting a trap design.
人们开发了多种诱捕器，用于监测在美国已建立分布范围的南美蚤蝇属（Pseudacteon spp.）蚤蝇（双翅目：蚤蝇科）的引入种群。此类诱捕器通常利用蚤蝇生物学和行为的常见特征，比如它们对红火蚁（Solenopsis invicta Buren，膜翅目：蚁科）活体或尸体的吸引力，以及这些寄生性昆虫的停歇行为。然而，美国已引入了多种蚤蝇种群作为防治红火蚁的生物防治剂，目前尚不清楚所有诱捕器设计在对这类不同的蚤蝇物种进行采样时是否同样有效。本研究在得克萨斯州中南部的三次采样活动期间，同时调查了六种诱捕器设计的有效性。在这个地点，对两种蚤蝇（三尖南美蚤蝇Pseudacteon tricuspis Borgmeier和弯南美蚤蝇P. curvatus B.）及其宿主之间的相互作用进行了长达八年多的深入研究。单独分析时，在任何一次采样活动中，任何一种诱捕器设计所收集到的弯南美蚤蝇或三尖南美蚤蝇的平均数量均无显著差异。然而，当将收集到的蚤蝇总数合并后，在2010年10月的采样活动中观察到了诱捕器性能的显著差异。此外，在2012年9月的观察中，雄性蚤蝇之间存在显著差异。此外，还提供了诱捕器组件成本比较。在这些试验中所研究的蚤蝇诱捕器表现出一致且相对等效的性能，这表明所有诱捕器都适用于蚤蝇监测，在选择诱捕器设计时，成本和易用性考量可能是最重要的标准。
