联合高压和热处理对肉毒梭菌 A 型和蛋白水解型 B 孢子的灭活作用。
Combined high pressure and thermal processing on inactivation of type A and proteolytic type B spores of Clostridium botulinum.
机构信息
Institute for Food Safety and Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Illinois 60501, USA.
出版信息
J Food Prot. 2013 Aug;76(8):1384-92. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-538.
The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of multiple strains of Clostridium botulinum type A and proteolytic type B spores exposed to combined high pressure and thermal processing and compare their resistance with Clostridium sporogenes PA3679 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TMW-2.479-Fad-82 spores. The resistance of spores suspended in N-(2acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (ACES) buffer (0.05 M, pH 7.0) was determined at a process temperature of 105°C, with high pressures of 600, 700, and 750 MPa by using a laboratory-scale pressure test system. No surviving spores of the proteolytic B strains were detected after processing at 105°C and 700 MPa for 6 min. A . 7-log reduction of B. amyloliquefaciens spores was observed when processed for 4 min at 105°C and 700 MPa. D-values at 105°C and 700 MPa for type A strains ranged from 0.57 to 2.28 min. C. sporogenes PA3679 had a D-value of 1.48 min at 105°C and 700 MPa. Spores of the six type A strains with high D-values along with C. sporogenes PA3679 and B. amyloliquefaciens were further evaluated for their pressure resistance at pressures 600 and 750 MPa at 105°C. As the process pressure increased from 600 to 750 MPa at 105°C, D-values of some C. botulinum strains and C. sporogenes PA3679 spores decreased (i.e., 69-A, 1.91 to 1.33 min and PA3679, 2.35 to 1.29 min). Some C. botulinum type A strains were more resistant than C. sporogenes PA3679 and B. amyloliquefaciens to combined high pressure and heat, based on D-values determined at 105°C. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was also performed to establish whether strains with a similar restriction banding pattern also exhibited similar D-values. However, no correlation between the genomic background of a strain and its resistance to high pressure processing was observed, based on PFGE analysis. Spores of proteolytic type B strains of C. botulinum were less resistant to combined high pressure and heat (700 MPa and 105°C) treatment when compared with spores of type A strains.
本研究旨在确定暴露于高压和热联合处理的多种 A 型肉毒梭菌和蛋白水解型 B 型孢子的抗性，并将其与生孢梭菌 PA3679 和解淀粉芽孢杆菌 TMW-2.479-Fad-82 孢子的抗性进行比较。将悬浮在 N-(2-乙酰氨基)-2-氨基乙磺酸 (ACES) 缓冲液 (0.05 M，pH 7.0) 中的孢子的抗性在 105°C 的处理温度下，使用实验室规模的压力测试系统，在 600、700 和 750 MPa 的高压下进行测定。在 105°C 和 700 MPa 下处理 6 分钟后，未检测到蛋白水解 B 型菌株的存活孢子。在 105°C 和 700 MPa 下处理 4 分钟，观察到解淀粉芽孢杆菌孢子的减少量为 7 个对数。在 105°C 和 700 MPa 下，A 型菌株的 D 值范围为 0.57 至 2.28 分钟。在 105°C 和 700 MPa 下，生孢梭菌 PA3679 的 D 值为 1.48 分钟。具有高 D 值的 6 种 A 型菌株以及生孢梭菌 PA3679 和解淀粉芽孢杆菌的孢子，在 105°C 下进一步在 600 和 750 MPa 的压力下评估其耐压性。随着处理温度从 105°C 的 600 MPa 增加到 750 MPa，一些肉毒梭菌菌株和生孢梭菌 PA3679 孢子的 D 值降低（即 69-A，从 1.91 分钟降至 1.33 分钟和 PA3679，从 2.35 分钟降至 1.29 分钟）。一些 A 型肉毒梭菌菌株比生孢梭菌 PA3679 和解淀粉芽孢杆菌对高压和热的联合作用更具抗性，这是基于在 105°C 下确定的 D 值。还进行了脉冲场凝胶电泳 (PFGE)，以确定具有相似限制带图案的菌株是否也表现出相似的 D 值。然而，基于 PFGE 分析，未观察到菌株的基因组背景与其对高压处理的抗性之间存在相关性。与 A 型菌株相比，肉毒梭菌蛋白水解 B 型菌株的孢子对高压和热（700 MPa 和 105°C）联合处理的抗性较低。
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