Sustainability Science and Resource Economics Research Group, Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 320, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa.
Waste Manag. 2013 Nov;33(11):2493-500. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.07.012. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
In a previous paper (Nahman et al., 2012), the authors estimated the costs of household food waste in South Africa, based on the market value of the wasted food (edible portion only), as well as the costs of disposal to landfill. In this paper, we extend the analysis by assessing the costs of edible food waste throughout the entire food value chain, from agricultural production through to consumption at the household level. First, food waste at each stage of the value chain was quantified in physical units (tonnes) for various food commodity groups. Then, weighted average representative prices (per tonne) were estimated for each commodity group at each stage of the value chain. Finally, prices were multiplied by quantities, and the resulting values were aggregated across the value chain for all commodity groups. In this way, the total cost of food waste across the food value chain in South Africa was estimated at R61.5 billion per annum (approximately US$7.7 billion); equivalent to 2.1% of South Africa's annual gross domestic product. The bulk of this cost arises from the processing and distribution stages of the fruit and vegetable value chain, as well as the agricultural production and distribution stages of the meat value chain. These results therefore provide an indication of where interventions aimed at reducing food waste should be targeted.
在之前的一篇论文中（Nahman 等人，2012 年），作者根据浪费食物的市场价值（仅指可食用部分）以及垃圾填埋处置成本，估算了南非家庭食物浪费的成本。在本文中，我们通过评估整个食品价值链中食物浪费的成本来扩展分析，从农业生产到家庭消费。首先，我们以各种食品商品组为单位，以实物单位（吨）量化了价值链中每个阶段的食物浪费。然后，我们为每个商品组在价值链的每个阶段估算了加权平均代表性价格（每吨）。最后，我们将价格乘以数量，并将所有商品组的结果值在整个价值链中进行汇总。通过这种方式，我们估算出南非整个食品价值链中食物浪费的总成本为每年 615 亿兰特（约合 77 亿美元）；相当于南非国内生产总值的 2.1%。这一成本的大部分来自水果和蔬菜价值链的加工和分销阶段，以及肉类价值链的农业生产和分销阶段。因此，这些结果表明了减少食物浪费的干预措施应针对的领域。
