Analysis of graphene TE surface plasmons in the terahertz regime.

Unlike common metals, graphene can support transverse electric (TE) surface modes when the imaginary part of its conductivity is negative. We have theoretically investigated and numerically simulated plasmonic properties of graphene TE surface plasmons (SPs) in the terahertz regime. The influence of the external magnetic field, gate voltage and temperature as the tuning schemes of the SPs have been investigated. The results show that graphene TE modes can be realized by tuning the magnetic fields or gate voltage. If the permeability of the dielectrics on both sides of the graphene layer differs enough, the graphene TE modes can still be achieved. The work presented here has the potential for application to graphene-based plasmonic devices in photonics and optoelectronics, such as sensors, polarizers and modulators.