Evgen'ev Michael B
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow, Russia ; Institute of Cell Biophysics; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow, Russia.
Mob Genet Elements. 2013 Mar 1;3(2):e24542. doi: 10.4161/mge.24542.
Transposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous residents in eukaryotic genomes. They can cause dramatic changes in gene expression and lead to gross rearrangements of chromosome structure, providing the basis for rapid evolution. The species group of contains certain species that can be crossed under experimental conditions and their phylogeny is thoroughly investigated. We have shown that the most primitive karyotypically and probably the ancestral species of the group, is in the process of colonization by a very unusual retroelement which apparently repeatedly invaded the species of the group in the past. However, the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary consequences of such invasions are poorly understood. In this commentary, we discuss the implications of our recent investigation into the response of the RNA silencing system to invasion of a new host genome which can be achieved in different ways.
转座元件（TEs）是真核生物基因组中普遍存在的成分。它们可引起基因表达的显著变化，并导致染色体结构的大规模重排，为快速进化提供了基础。 物种组包含某些在实验条件下可以杂交的物种，并且对它们的系统发育进行了深入研究。我们已经表明， 是该组中核型最原始且可能是祖先的物种，正处于被一种非常不寻常的逆转录元件定殖的过程中，这种逆转录元件显然在过去曾多次侵入该组的物种。然而，此类侵入的分子机制和进化后果却知之甚少。在这篇评论中，我们讨论了我们最近对RNA沉默系统对新宿主基因组侵入的反应的研究结果，这种侵入可以通过不同方式实现。
