Ropac Darko, Stasević Ina, Samardzić Damir, Mijaković Zeljka
Technical College in Bjelovar, Specialist Programme of Study in Nursing, Bjelovar, Croatia.
Coll Antropol. 2013 May;37 Suppl 2:139-45.
This paper presents data obtained by somatic examination of pupils in the 1st, 5th and 8th grade of elementary school in the area of the Town of Split in the period of three school years. There was a corresponding increase in bad posture, over the school years observed, with an increase in kyphosis among pupils of both genders, The occurrence of kyphosis among boys ranged from 0.49% in the first grade, 0.88% in the fifth grade, to 2.11% in the eighth grade. The frequency of kyphosis was at first somewhat lower in girls; however, it significantly increased later, exceeding the frequency among male students. Thus, kyphosis in girls ranged from 0.42% in the first grade, 0.88% in the fifth grade, and even up to 4.60% in the eighth grade of elementary school. Therefore, the ratio of 14-year old girls to boys with kyphosis was 2.2:1. The frequency of scoliosis among boys ranged from 0.55% in the first grade, 2.13% in the fifth grade, and up to 3.01% in the eighth grade. Throughout the whole period, the frequency of this deformity was higher in girls than boys. Thus, scoliosis in female students ranged from 0.89% in the first grade, 3.23% in the fifth grade, and even up to 5.70% in the eighth grade. It is obvious that scoliosis as a deformity affects girls significantly more often than boys during the entire period of elementary school, and the ratio at the age of 14 is 1.8:1.
本文展示了在三个学年期间，对斯普利特镇地区小学一年级、五年级和八年级学生进行身体检查所获得的数据。在所观察的学年中，不良姿势呈相应增加，男女学生的脊柱后凸均有增加。男生脊柱后凸的发生率从一年级的0.49%、五年级的0.88%，到八年级的2.11%。女生脊柱后凸的发生率起初略低；然而，后来显著增加，超过了男生的发生率。因此，小学女生脊柱后凸的发生率从一年级的0.42%、五年级的0.88%，甚至到八年级的4.60%。所以，14岁脊柱后凸的女生与男生的比例为2.2:1。男生脊柱侧弯的发生率从一年级的0.55%、五年级的2.13%，到八年级的3.01%。在整个期间，这种畸形在女生中的发生率高于男生。因此，女学生脊柱侧弯的发生率从一年级的0.89%、五年级的3.23%，甚至到八年级的5.70%。显然，在整个小学期间，脊柱侧弯作为一种畸形对女生的影响明显比男生更频繁，14岁时的比例为1.8:1。
