Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Emotion. 2013 Aug;13(4):622-8. doi: 10.1037/a0033066.
The affective dimensions responsible for the modulation of memory by emotion are subject to debate. Several hypotheses have been suggested: The arousal hypothesis of memory facilitation suggests the arousal dimension as the key determinant in whether emotional events are more likely to be remembered than neutral events. The valence hypothesis suggests preferential status for unpleasant, as compared with pleasant, stimuli in memory. The authors tested an alternative hypothesis derived from the appraisal theory of emotion, namely, that events that are relevant to the current concerns of the individual benefit from a memory advantage. In the present study, the authors demonstrate that initially neutral but goal conducive items (for game-related gain) remain stable in memory over time, whereas memory for goal irrelevant and goal obstructive items decline over time. They furthermore found that the affective evaluation of initially neutral items changed as a function of the goal relevance manipulation and that this change was stable over time. Taken together, findings support the relevance hypothesis of memory facilitation.
情绪调节记忆的情感维度存在争议。有几种假设被提出：记忆促进的唤醒假设认为，唤醒维度是情绪事件比中性事件更容易被记住的关键决定因素。效价假设认为，与愉快刺激相比，不愉快刺激在记忆中具有优先地位。作者测试了一个源自情绪评价理论的替代假设，即与个体当前关注点相关的事件在记忆中具有优势。在本研究中，作者证明了最初中性但与目标相关的项目（与游戏相关的收益）随着时间的推移在记忆中保持稳定，而与目标不相关和目标阻碍的项目的记忆则随着时间的推移而下降。他们还发现，最初中性项目的情感评价随着目标相关性的操纵而变化，并且这种变化在时间上是稳定的。总之，这些发现支持了记忆促进的相关性假设。
