Guerra Tatiana Lopes de Souza, Mendonça Simone Sotero, Marshall Norma Guimarães
Residency Program in Clinical Nutrition, Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal - Brasília DF, Brazil.
Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2013 Apr-Jun;25(2):87-92. doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20130018.
To evaluate the incidence of constipation in critical patients on enteral nutrition in a hospital intensive care unit and to correlate this incidence with the variables found for critical patients.
The present investigation was a retrospective analytical study conducted in the intensive care unit of Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (DF) via the analysis of medical records of patients admitted during the period from January to December 2011. Data on the incidence of constipation and enteral nutritional support, gastrointestinal changes, stool frequency, ventilatory support, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.
The initial sample consisted of 127 patients admitted to the unit during the period from January to December 2011. Eighty-four patients were excluded, and the final sample consisted of 43 patients. The incidence of constipation, defined as no bowel movement during the first 4 days of hospitalization, was 72% (n=31). The patients were divided into a control group and a constipated group. The group of constipated patients reached the caloric target, on average, at 6.5 days, and the control group reached the caloric target in 5.6 days (p=0.51). Constipation was not associated with the length of hospital stay, suspension of nutritional support, or outcome of hospitalization. There was an association between evacuation during hospitalization and a longer duration of hospitalization for a subgroup of patients who did not evacuate during the entire period (p=0.009).
The incidence of constipation in the unit studied was 72%. Only the absence of evacuation during hospitalization was associated with longer hospital stays. Constipation was not associated with the length of hospital stay, suspension of nutritional support, or outcome of hospitalization.
评估某医院重症监护病房接受肠内营养的重症患者便秘的发生率，并将该发生率与重症患者的相关变量进行关联分析。
本研究为回顾性分析研究，通过分析2011年1月至12月期间在北阿萨地区医院重症监护病房住院患者的病历进行。收集并分析了便秘发生率、肠内营养支持、胃肠道变化、排便频率、通气支持及预后等数据。
初始样本包括2011年1月至12月期间入住该病房的127例患者。排除84例患者后，最终样本为43例患者。便秘的发生率定义为住院前4天无排便，为72%（n = 31）。患者被分为对照组和便秘组。便秘组患者平均在6.5天达到热量目标，对照组在5.6天达到热量目标（p = 0.51）。便秘与住院时间、营养支持中断或住院结局无关。对于在整个期间均未排便的亚组患者，住院期间排便情况与较长的住院时间之间存在关联（p = 0.009）。
本研究病房中便秘的发生率为72%。仅住院期间未排便与较长的住院时间有关。便秘与住院时间、营养支持中断或住院结局无关。
