Cheema Faisal H, Kossar Alexander P, Rehman Atiq, Younas Fahad, Polvani Gianluca
Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2013 Aug;8(2):127-42. doi: 10.2174/15748901113089990020.
Valvular heart disease affects millions of Americans yearly and currently requires surgical intervention to repair or replace the defective valves. Through a close-knit collaboration between physicians, scientists and biomedical engineers, a vast degree of research and development has been aimed towards the optimization of prosthetic heart valves. Although various methods have made fantastic strides in producing durable prostheses, the therapeutic efficacy of prosthetic valves is inherently limited by a dependency upon lifelong anticoagulant regimens for recipients - a difficult challenge for many in clinical setting. Thus, biological tissue valves have been developed to circumvent vascular and immunemediated complications by incorporating biological materials to mimic native valves while still maintaining a necessary level of structural integrity. Over the past decade, a multitude of patents pertaining to the refinement of designs as well as the advancement in methodologies and technologies associated with biological tissue valves have been issued. This review seeks to chronicle and characterize such patents in an effort to track the past, present, and future progress as well as project the trajectory of tissue valves in the years to come.
每年有数百万美国人受心脏瓣膜病影响，目前该病需要通过手术干预来修复或更换有缺陷的瓣膜。通过医生、科学家和生物医学工程师之间紧密的合作，大量的研发工作致力于优化人工心脏瓣膜。尽管各种方法在制造耐用假体方面取得了巨大进展，但人工瓣膜的治疗效果本质上受到依赖接受者终身抗凝方案的限制——这对许多临床患者来说是一项艰巨挑战。因此，生物组织瓣膜已被开发出来，通过结合生物材料来模拟天然瓣膜，同时仍保持必要的结构完整性水平，以规避血管和免疫介导的并发症。在过去十年中，已经颁发了许多与生物组织瓣膜设计改进以及相关方法和技术进步有关的专利。本综述旨在记录和描述此类专利，以追踪过去、现在和未来的进展，并预测未来几年组织瓣膜的发展轨迹。
