Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków Street 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland.
Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Br J Nutr. 2014 Jan 28;111(2):236-46. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513002389. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin responses and satiety and hunger sensation in obese and normal-weight women. A total of eleven obese and nine normal-weight women were recruited for the assessment of plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and insulin and the sensation of satiety and hunger using a visual analogue scale before and during a 6 h period after administration of three different macronutrient test meals. The AUCtotal GLP-1 and AUCtotal GIP values were decreased in obese women after the consumption of a fatty meal and all the test meals, respectively. However, the AUCtotal insulin value after a carbohydrate meal was greater in the obese group. The AUCtotal satiety value was decreased only after the intake of the protein meal in obese women when compared with normal-weight women. After the consumption of the fatty meal, a significant positive correlation between maximum satiety sensation and the AUCtotal GLP-1 value in the obese group and that between minimum hunger sensation and the AUCtotal GLP-1 value in the normal-weight group were observed. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that: (1) satiety sensation after consumption of carbohydrate and protein meals in the obese group is related to the postprandial insulin response, while after consumption of a fatty meal, it is related to the postprandial GLP-1 release; (2) the postprandial GIP response does not influence the sensation of satiety and hunger; (3) the reduced GLP-1 release after the intake of a fatty meal in obese individuals may explain impaired satiety sensation; (4) the impaired postprandial GIP response is not related to the consumption of macronutrients and may be the early indicator of incretin axis dysfunction in obese women.
本研究旨在评估宏量营养素对肥胖和正常体重女性餐后肠降血糖素和饱腹感及饥饿感的影响。共招募 11 名肥胖女性和 9 名正常体重女性，在给予三种不同宏量营养素测试餐 6 小时前后，使用视觉模拟量表评估血浆胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）、葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素释放肽（GIP）和胰岛素浓度以及饱腹感和饥饿感。在摄入高脂肪餐后和所有测试餐后，肥胖女性的 GLP-1 总 AUC 和 GIP 总 AUC 值降低。然而，在肥胖组中，碳水化合物餐后的胰岛素总 AUC 值更高。与正常体重女性相比，仅在肥胖女性摄入蛋白质餐后，总饱腹感 AUC 值降低。在肥胖组中，最大饱腹感与 GLP-1 总 AUC 值之间以及在正常体重组中最小饥饿感与 GLP-1 总 AUC 值之间观察到进食高脂肪餐后的显著正相关。总之，本研究结果表明：（1）肥胖组在摄入碳水化合物和蛋白质餐后的饱腹感与餐后胰岛素反应有关，而在摄入高脂肪餐后，与餐后 GLP-1 释放有关；（2）餐后 GIP 反应不会影响饱腹感和饥饿感；（3）肥胖个体摄入高脂肪餐后 GLP-1 释放减少可能解释饱腹感受损；（4）餐后 GIP 反应受损与宏量营养素的摄入无关，可能是肥胖女性肠降血糖素轴功能障碍的早期指标。
