Rienhoff Otto
Institute of Medical Informatics, Göttingen University Medical Center.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2013;187:3-12.
The historical roots of IT-based monitoring in health care are described. Since the 1970ies monitoring has been spreading to more and more domains of health care and public health. Today one can observe monitoring of persons in many environments and regarding widely different questions. While these monitoring applications have been introduced ethical questions have been raised to balance the possible positive and negative outcomes of the approaches. Today IT-technology is entering many parts of our life - IT eventually became what had been coined already in the last century by IBM as "electronic dust" which one can find in every part of our environment. As most of these "dust-particles" are able to observe something one can also understand this development as a development into ubiquitous monitoring of nearly everything at any time. The foreseen ambient intelligence worlds are also spaces of ambient monitoring. This article describes this historical development. It emphasizes why ethical and data protection questions are an absolute must in most IT activities today.
本文描述了医疗保健领域基于信息技术的监测的历史根源。自20世纪70年代以来，监测已扩展到越来越多的医疗保健和公共卫生领域。如今，可以看到在许多环境中针对广泛不同的问题对人员进行监测。虽然这些监测应用已经被引入，但也引发了伦理问题，以平衡这些方法可能产生的积极和消极结果。如今，信息技术正在进入我们生活的许多方面——信息技术最终成为了上世纪IBM所提出的“电子尘埃”，在我们环境的每个角落都能找到。由于这些“尘埃颗粒”大多能够进行观测，人们也可以将这一发展理解为朝着随时随地对几乎所有事物进行普遍监测的方向发展。预想中的环境智能世界也是环境监测的空间。本文描述了这一历史发展。它强调了为什么伦理和数据保护问题在当今大多数信息技术活动中是绝对必要的。
