Hirasing R A, Wilbrink A
Gewestelijke Gezondheidsdienst West-Friesland, Hoorn.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1990 Aug 4;134(31):1505-8.
To evaluate the policy in amblyopia detection by pre-school health care workers we studied the prevalence of amblyopia that had not previously been detected among 1975 children at the ages of 4 years 6 months to 5 years 10 months. Seventy-eight (3.9%) of the children had insufficient stereo-acuity, though no form of ocular abnormality had been noted in the past. Twenty-one (1%) of the children had a previously undetected amblyopia. After 1 1/2 years 74% of the children with amblyopia had a visual acuity of 0.9 or more, while most of the children--at the time of referral--were 4 1/2 years or older. Amblyopia can be identified earlier by (a) a proper transfer of information from pre-school health care workers to the school doctor; (b) taking into consideration low vision if assessment of vision was not successful in the first examination, and (c) performing at least the TNO-stereotest when in doubt.
为评估学前保健人员在弱视检测方面的政策，我们对1975名年龄在4岁6个月至5岁10个月的儿童中先前未被检测出的弱视患病率进行了研究。78名（3.9%）儿童立体视锐度不足，尽管过去未发现任何形式的眼部异常。21名（1%）儿童患有先前未被检测出的弱视。1年半后，74%的弱视儿童视力达到了0.9或更高，而大多数儿童在转诊时年龄为4岁半或更大。通过以下方式可更早发现弱视：(a) 学前保健人员将信息正确传递给校医；(b) 初次视力检查未成功时考虑低视力情况；(c) 有疑问时至少进行TNO立体视测试。
