Lampman Richard L, Krasavin Nina M, Ward Mike P, Beveroth Tara A, Lankau Emily W, Alto Barry W, Muturi Ephantus, Novak Robert J
Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2013 Jun;29(2):108-22. doi: 10.2987/12-6318R.1.
Understanding the geographic role of different species of mosquito vectors and vertebrate hosts in West Nile virus (WNV) transmission cycles can facilitate the development and implementation of targeted surveillance and control measures. This study examined the relationship between WNV-antibody rates in birds and mosquito infection rates and bloodfeeding patterns in east-central Illinois. The earliest detection of WNV-RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction TaqMan was from Culex restuans; however, amplification typically coincided with an increase in abundance of Cx. pipiens. Trap type influenced annual estimates of infection rates in Culex species, as well as estimation of blood meal source. Bird species with the highest WNV-antibody rates (i.e., Mourning Doves [Zenaida macroura], Northern Cardinals [Cardinalis cardinalis], American Robins [Turdus migratorius], and House Sparrows [Passer domesticus]) were also the common species found in Culex blood meals. Although antibody rates were not directly proportional to estimated avian abundance, the apparent availability of mammal species did influence proportion of mammal to bird blood meals. Antibody prevalence in the American Robin was lower than expected based on the strong attraction of Culex to American Robins for blood meals. Age-related differences in serology were evident, antibody rates increased in older groups of robins and sparrows, whereas 1st-year hatch and older adults of Mourning Doves and Northern Cardinals had equally high rates of antibody-positive serum samples. The vector and host interactions observed in east-central Illinois (Champaign County), an urban area surrounded by agriculture, are compared to studies in the densely population areas of southern Cook County.
了解不同种类的蚊媒和脊椎动物宿主在西尼罗河病毒（WNV）传播循环中的地理作用，有助于制定和实施有针对性的监测与控制措施。本研究调查了伊利诺伊州中东部地区鸟类的WNV抗体率与蚊子感染率以及吸血模式之间的关系。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应TaqMan最早检测到WNV-RNA是在致倦库蚊中；然而，扩增通常与尖音库蚊数量的增加同时出现。诱捕类型影响库蚊种类感染率的年度估计，以及血餐来源的估计。WNV抗体率最高的鸟类物种（即哀鸽[Zenaida macroura]、北美主红雀[Cardinalis cardinalis]、美洲知更鸟[Turdus migratorius]和家麻雀[Passer domesticus]）也是在库蚊血餐中常见的物种。虽然抗体率与估计的鸟类数量并非直接成正比，但哺乳动物物种的明显可获得性确实影响了哺乳动物血餐与鸟类血餐的比例。基于库蚊对美洲知更鸟强烈的吸血偏好，美洲知更鸟的抗体流行率低于预期。血清学方面与年龄相关的差异很明显，知更鸟和麻雀年龄较大的群体抗体率增加，而哀鸽和北美主红雀的第一年孵化幼鸟和成年鸟的抗体阳性血清样本率同样很高。将在伊利诺伊州中东部（尚佩恩县）一个被农业包围的城市地区观察到的病媒与宿主相互作用，与在库克县南部人口密集地区的研究进行了比较。
